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1kucak

the upper part of the thighs when a person is seated, often used as a place to hold something

The child giggled as he sat on his mother's lap.

• She kept the fragile vase carefully in her lap during the flight.
• During the meeting, the report slipped and landed on his lap.
• He balanced the laptop on his lap while working in the coffee shop.
• The professor noted that the student's notebook was forgotten on his lap during the exam.

• lap dog · kucak köpeği The lap dog curled up beside her on the sofa.
• in sb's lap The notebook fell into his lap during the lecture.
• sit on sb's lap The child sat on her father's lap.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tur, çevrim

one complete circuit or round in a race or a repetitive sequence

The swimmer finished the first lap and turned back quickly.

• During the car race, each driver must complete ten laps to finish.
• He counted his breaths as he ran each lap of the stadium.
• The cyclist felt exhausted after the fifth lap of the mountainous course.
• Analysts compared the lap times to evaluate the performance of the new engine model.

• complete a lap · bir turu tamamlamak She managed to complete a lap around the track in under two minutes.
• lap time · tur süresi His lap time improved after the new tires were installed.
• a lap of sth The runner slowed down on the final lap of the track.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

karaciğer

a large organ in the body that cleans the blood

Drinking too much alcohol damages the liver.

• She had a liver transplant.

nabız, kalp atışı

the rhythmic throbbing of the arteries as blood is propelled through them, especially as felt at the wrist or neck

The doctor asked her to place two fingers on her wrist to feel her pulse.

• During the marathon, his pulse rose quickly as he approached the finish line.
• She could hear her pulse thumping loudly in the quiet night.
• The paramedic checked the victim's pulse before starting CPR.
• Researchers recorded the participants' pulse rates while they solved complex puzzles.

• steady pulse · düzgün nabız His steady pulse indicated that he was calm during the interview.
• take sb's pulse The nurse took the patient's pulse before the examination.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

böbrek

one of the two organs in the body that remove waste from the blood

He needs a kidney transplant.

• Drinking enough water is good for your kidneys.

1omurga, sırt kemiği

the column of bones that runs along the back of a vertebrate, protecting the spinal cord

The doctor examined her spine for any signs of damage.

• A strong spine is essential for good posture in daily life.
• During the marathon, he felt a sharp pain along his spine and stopped running.
• Advanced imaging techniques now allow scientists to study the spine's microstructure in unprecedented detail.

• spine injury · omurga yaralanması He suffered a serious spine injury in the car accident.
• spine surgery · omurga ameliyatı The patient will undergo spine surgery next week.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kitabın kapağındaki sırt, dergi sırtı

the part of a book or similar object that contains the title and binds the pages together

The library's new arrivals are arranged by the color of their spines.

• He slipped the magazine back onto the shelf, aligning its spine with the others.
• When cataloguing the collection, the archivist noted each spine's condition.
• Digital publishing now allows readers to view a virtual spine that displays chapter headings.

• spine of a book · kitabın sırtı The bright red spine of the book made it easy to find on the shelf.
• spine label · sırt etiketi The publisher printed a clear spine label with the title and author.
• the spine of a book The title is printed on the spine of the book.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

benzemek

to have a similar appearance, qualities, or character to someone or something else

The child resembles his father more than his mother.

• Many people think the actor resembles a famous singer.
• The new species resembles a known plant but has distinct leaf patterns.
• Scientists noted that the fossil resembles an early mammal, suggesting evolutionary links.
• Despite different cultures, the architectural styles of the two cities remarkably resemble each other.

• resemble each other · birbirine benzemek The twins resemble each other so closely that strangers often mistake them.
• resemble closely · yakından benzemek The new model resembles closely the previous version, with only minor changes.
• resemble sb/sth in sth The painting resembles a photograph in its realism.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1uzuv, kol ya da bacak

any of the arms or legs of a human or animal body

The child broke a limb while playing in the yard.

• Doctors use casts to protect a broken limb during healing.
• She lost feeling in her lower limb after the nerve damage.
• Physical therapy can restore strength to a weakened limb after surgery.
• Researchers are studying how prosthetic limbs improve mobility for amputees.

• limb injury · uzuv yaralanması She suffered a severe limb injury during the soccer match.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kalın dal, ana dal

a large branch of a tree or a major projecting part of a plant

A squirrel scampered across a thick limb of the maple tree.

• The gardener trimmed the dead limb to improve the tree's health.
• Heavy snow caused several limbs to break off the forest canopy.
• Scientists measured the growth rate of each limb on the experimental saplings.
• The ancient oak's massive limbs provided shelter for countless forest creatures.

• strong limb · güçlü dal The storm snapped several strong limbs from the old oak.
• limb of a tree · bir ağacın dalı Birds built their nests on a high limb of the pine tree.
• a tree limb A tree limb fell on the car.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

(anne babasına) benzemek, çekmek

to look or behave like an older relative

She takes after her mother.

• He really takes after his grandfather.

1hücre

the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms, consisting of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane.

The scientist examined a single cell under the microscope.

• Plant cells have a rigid cell wall that animal cells lack.
• Mitochondria are organelles found inside most eukaryotic cells.
• Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of each cell.
• Advances in stem-cell research promise new treatments for many diseases.

• cell membrane · hücre zarı The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
• cell division · hücre bölünmesi During cell division, the genetic material is duplicated and distributed to two daughter cells.
• in a cell Researchers observed the reaction in a single cell under the microscope.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2hapis hücresi

a small, confined room in a prison where a prisoner is confined.

The guard opened the door to the cell at dawn.

• She wrote a letter from her cell to her family.
• The cell was so small that the bed took up most of the space.
• Overcrowding in the prison cell made conditions very uncomfortable.
• Human rights groups condemned the lack of sunlight in the detention cell.

• prison cell · hapis hücresi The inmate spent twelve months in a cramped prison cell.
• cell block · hücre bloğu The new wing contains a modern cell block with improved ventilation.
• in a cell He was locked in a cell for the night after the court hearing.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1eklem

the point where two bones are connected in the body, allowing movement.

The doctor examined the patient's elbow joint for swelling.

• She felt a sharp pain in her hip joint after the fall.
• Physical therapy can improve the flexibility of a stiff joint.
• Arthritis often affects the small joints in the hands and feet.
• Researchers are developing synthetic materials to mimic natural joint function.

• knee joint · diz eklemi The surgeon repaired the damaged knee joint.
• shoulder joint · omuz eklemi A dislocated shoulder joint can be very painful.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2bağlantı, birleşim noktası

a place where two or more things are joined together, especially in construction or engineering.

The carpenter checked the wooden joint for any gaps.

• A faulty pipe joint caused water damage in the basement.
• Engineers designed a flexible joint to absorb vibrations.
• The joint between the two sections of the tunnel was reinforced with steel plates.

• pipe joint · boru bağlantısı The plumber tightened the pipe joint to stop the leak.
• welded joint · kaynaklı birleşim A strong welded joint ensures the bridge's stability.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sevimli, şirin

attractive in a pretty or endearing way, often causing affection or admiration.

The kitten's big eyes make it look very cute.

• He bought a cute mug as a gift for his friend.
• During the interview, her cute laugh eased the tension in the room.
• The designer created a cute collection of accessories for the spring season.
• Critics praised the film for its cute storytelling that blended humor with heartfelt moments.

• cute smile · sevimli gülümseme She flashed a cute smile that brightened the room.
• cute outfit · sevimli kıyafet His cute outfit attracted many compliments at the party.
• look cute She looked cute in her new dress during the ceremony.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kurnaz, akıllı, becerikli

clever or skillful in a way that is surprising or amusing, often used informally.

He used a cute trick to get the last ticket.

• The comedian's cute joke surprised the audience.
• She found a cute way to organize her notes during the lecture.
• Their marketing campaign featured a cute concept that went viral quickly.
• Critics noted that the novel's plot contained several cute twists that challenged readers' expectations.

• cute trick · kurnaz numara He pulled a cute trick that left everyone laughing.
• cute idea · akıllı fikir That was a cute idea for solving the parking problem.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kalça, kalça kemiği

the projection of the pelvis on each side of the body, forming the hip joint

She slipped and bruised her hip during gym class.

• The doctor examined the patient's hip for signs of injury.
• Hip replacement surgery can improve mobility for older adults.
• Researchers studied the biomechanics of the hip during running.
• The anatomical study highlighted the complex structure of the hip joint.

• hip fracture · kalça kırığı The elderly patient suffered a hip fracture after the fall.
• hip joint · kalça eklemi Arthritis can affect the hip joint and cause pain.
• injure one's hip She injured her hip during the marathon.
• pain in the hip He complained of pain in the hip after the long hike.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1tapınak

a building devoted to religious worship or spiritual activities

The city's most famous temple attracts thousands of visitors each year.

• He donated money to restore the old temple after the earthquake.
• Students studied the temple's architecture as part of their history course.
• During the festival, the temple was illuminated with colorful lanterns.
• Archaeologists uncovered a hidden chamber beneath the temple's foundation.

• ancient temple · antik tapınak Tourists marveled at the ancient temple perched on the hill.
• temple ceremony · tapınak töreni The priest led a solemn temple ceremony at sunrise.
• temple complex · tapınak kompleksi The temple complex includes several shrines and gardens.
• visit a temple Many travelers plan to visit a temple during their trip to Japan.
• enter the temple She removed her shoes before entering the temple.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2şakak

the flat region on either side of the forehead, between the eye and the ear

She touched her temple when the headache started.

• The surgeon noted a small bruise on his temple after the accident.
• During the exam, a sudden throbbing in his temple distracted him.
• Researchers linked chronic stress to tension around the temple area.
• The neurologist explained that temple pain could indicate sinus inflammation.

• temple region · şakak bölgesi The doctor examined the temple region for any swelling.
• temple pain · şakak ağrısı She complained of persistent temple pain after the long flight.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

göğüs, meme

the upper front part of a human or animal's body, especially the area containing the mammary glands in females

She felt a sharp pain in her breast during the exam.

• The doctor explained how to perform a self-breast exam correctly.
• Researchers are studying hormonal changes that affect breast development.
• During the marathon, he experienced a side stitch near his breast area.
• The anatomy textbook describes the vascular structure of the breast in detail.

• breast cancer · göğüs kanseri Early detection of breast cancer can greatly improve survival rates.
• breast tissue · göğüs dokusu The surgeon examined the breast tissue for any abnormal cells.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

görkemli, muhteşem, çok güzel

extremely beautiful and striking; having a dazzling appearance

The actress wore a gorgeous gown on the red carpet.

• Tourists admired the gorgeous sunset over the mountains.
• He described the painting as gorgeous because of its vivid colors.
• The restaurant's interior design is gorgeous, with elegant lighting and artful décor.
• Critics praised the film for its gorgeous cinematography that captured the landscape's grandeur.

• gorgeous dress · görkemli elbise She wore a gorgeous dress to the gala.
• gorgeous view · muazzam manzara The hotel room offered a gorgeous view of the ocean.
• gorgeous scenery · görkemli manzara We hiked through gorgeous scenery in the national park.
• look gorgeous You look gorgeous in that outfit.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kağıt mendil, ince kağıt

a thin, soft paper used for cleaning or wiping the face or hands

She reached for a tissue when she felt a sneeze coming.

• The child blew his nose into a tissue during the lesson.
• After the meeting, everyone took a tissue from the dispenser.
• The airline provides each passenger with a small tissue pack for comfort.
• Environmental campaigns encourage using reusable cloths instead of disposable tissues.

• facial tissue · yüz mendili The box of facial tissue was empty after the cold season.
• tissue box · mendil kutusu He placed the tissue box on the desk for easy access.
• use a tissue He had to use a tissue when his nose started to run.
• hand sb a tissue She politely handed him a tissue after he sneezed.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2biyolojik doku, hücre topluluğu

a group of cells that perform a specific function in an organism

The doctor explained that tissue heals slowly after a cut.

• During the lesson, students learned about different types of tissue in the body.
• The biopsy provided a small tissue sample for the laboratory.
• Advanced imaging techniques allow researchers to visualize tissue architecture in three dimensions.
• Understanding how stem cells differentiate into specialized tissue is a major focus of regenerative medicine.

• connective tissue · bağ doku The surgeon repaired the injury by suturing the connective tissue.
• muscle tissue · kas dokusu Researchers studied how muscle tissue regenerates after exercise.
• tissue sample · doku örneği The lab received a tissue sample for pathological analysis.
• examine tissue The pathologist will examine tissue under a microscope tomorrow.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1avuç içi, elin iç kısmı

the inner surface of the hand between the wrist and the fingers

She lifted her palm to shield her eyes from the sun.

• A small cut on the palm can be painful when typing.
• The surgeon examined the patient's palm for signs of nerve damage.
• During the interview, the candidate kept his palm flat on the table to appear confident.

• palm of the hand · el avucu
• open palm · açık avuç He showed his open palm as a sign of honesty.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2palmiye ağacı

a type of tree with a tall, unbranched trunk and a crown of large, feather-like leaves

A lone palm swayed gently in the desert wind.

• Tourists often take photos beside the iconic palm on the beach.
• The farmer harvested dates from the mature palm last autumn.
• Researchers studied the resilience of palm roots in coastal erosion zones.
• Urban planners recommend planting palms to provide shade in hot, arid cities.

• palm tree · palmiye ağacı The resort was lined with tall palm trees.
• date palm · hurma palmiyesi Date palms thrive in arid climates.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sinir, sinir dokusu

a bundle of fibers that transmits signals between the brain and other parts of the body

The doctor explained how nerves control muscle movement.

• She felt a sharp pain when the nerve was pinched.
• Nerve fibers can regenerate after minor injuries.
• Researchers are studying how nerve signals affect emotional responses.
• Advanced imaging techniques now allow scientists to map individual nerves in the brain.

• nerve cell · sinir hücresi The scientist examined the structure of a nerve cell under the microscope.
• nerve impulse · sinir impulsu A nerve impulse travels quickly along the axon.
• nerve damage The accident caused damage to the spinal nerve, resulting in numbness.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2cesaret, dayanma gücü

the mental or moral strength to face danger, difficulty, or pain

It takes nerve to speak in front of a large audience.

• He showed great nerve during the emergency rescue.
• Even with fear, she mustered enough nerve to jump.
• The team's nerve was tested when the match went into overtime.
• Historical leaders are often remembered for their nerve in confronting injustice.

• have the nerve · cesareti olmak She finally had the nerve to ask for a promotion.
• have the nerve to do sth He had the nerve to ask for more money.
• lose one's nerve He lost his nerve and could not finish the presentation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1vücut organı, iç organ

a distinct part of an organism that performs a specific function, such as the heart or liver

The doctor explained how each organ works in the body.

• During the anatomy class, we examined several organs on the table.
• Scientists are researching ways to regenerate damaged organs.
• The transplant team prepared the organ for surgery with great care.
• Ethical debates arise when considering the allocation of scarce donor organs.

• vital organ · hayati organ The heart is a vital organ for circulating blood.
• organ failure · organ yetmezliği Kidney organ failure requires dialysis treatment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2organ, kurul, merci

an organization or body of people with a particular purpose, especially a public or governmental one

The organ responsible for education sets national curriculum standards.

• International agreements often require each member state to designate a specific organ for implementation.
• The new law created an independent organ to monitor environmental compliance.
• Critics argue that the organ lacks transparency and accountability in its decisions.
• Scholars study how different organs interact within complex bureaucratic structures.

• government organ · devlet organı The ministry acts as a key government organ in policy making.
• regulatory organ · düzenleyici organ The FDA is a regulatory organ that oversees food safety.
• an organ of sth The central bank is an organ of the national financial system.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3org, klavye çalgısı

a large keyboard musical instrument that produces sound by air flowing through pipes or electronic means

During the recital, the audience admired the rich sound of the organ.

• Music students often start learning the organ after mastering the piano.
• The composer wrote a complex piece specifically for the church organ.
• Advancements in technology have led to more portable electronic organs for modern performances.

• pipe organ · borulu org The cathedral's pipe organ filled the hall with resonant tones.
• electronic organ · elektronik org She practiced on an electronic organ before the concert.
• play the organ He will play the organ at the wedding ceremony.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

akciğer

one of the two organs in the chest that you use for breathing

Smoking damages your lungs.

• He has a lung infection.

kafatası

the bony structure that forms the head and protects the brain

The child touched the skull model during the biology lesson.

• Scientists studied the ancient skull to learn about early human diet.
• She felt a sharp pain after hitting her skull on the low ceiling.
• The museum displayed a dinosaur skull alongside other fossils.
• Neurologists emphasized that protecting the skull is essential for brain health.

• human skull · insan kafatası The archaeologists uncovered a well-preserved human skull at the site.
• skull fracture · kafatası kırığı He was rushed to the hospital after sustaining a skull fracture in the accident.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

bilek

the joint connecting the hand to the forearm

She lifted the cup using only her wrist.

• The doctor examined his wrist for signs of fracture.
• Wrist pain can result from repetitive typing at a computer.
• During the marathon, she suffered a severe wrist sprain after falling.
• Researchers discovered that wrist flexibility correlates with improved fine motor skills in musicians.

• wrist injury · bilek yaralanması The athlete withdrew from the competition due to a wrist injury.
• on the wrist He wore a bracelet on the wrist of his left hand.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

başparmak

the short, thick first digit of the human hand, set lower than the other fingers and opposable to them

The child hurt his thumb while climbing the playground.

• She used her thumb to press the button on the elevator.
• The surgeon examined the patient's thumb for signs of fracture.
• During the interview, he gestured with his thumb to emphasize his point.
• Researchers discovered a genetic mutation that affects thumb development in embryos.

• thumb nail · tırnak (başparmak) She painted her thumb nail bright red for the party.
• thumb drive · USB bellek He saved the presentation on a thumb drive before the meeting.
• give sb a thumbs up She gave me a thumbs up.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1yanak

the fleshy part of the face below the eye and above the jaw

She smiled and her cheek turned pink with embarrassment.

• The child scraped his cheek while playing in the garden.
• Doctors often check the cheek for swollen lymph nodes during exams.
• The portrait captured the subtle shading on the subject's cheek.
• Researchers studied how facial muscles, including the cheek, affect speech articulation.

• cheek bone · yanak kemiği She brushed her cheek bone with a soft brush.
• cheek skin · yanak derisi The dermatologist examined the cheek skin for signs of irritation.
• on the cheek He placed a small kiss on the cheek before leaving.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2küstahlık, yüzsüzlük, cüret

a bold or impudent remark or behavior, often considered disrespectful

His cheek made everyone laugh during the serious meeting.

• She admired his cheek when he challenged the professor's opinion.
• The teenager's cheek was evident when he demanded a refund without a receipt.
• Even after the mistake, his cheek remained unshaken, causing tension among colleagues.
• Critics noted the author's cheek in the novel, where the protagonist openly mocks authority.

• show some cheek · cesur davranmak, yüzsüzlük göstermek
• have the cheek to do sth She didn't have the cheek to criticize his work in front of the team.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1ayakkabı topuğu

the raised part at the back of a shoe that supports the foot's heel

She slipped on the wet floor because her heel was too high.

• The cobbler repaired the heel of my favorite sandal.
• He prefers shoes with a low heel for everyday comfort.
• During the fashion show, models strutted in glittering heels that sparkled under the lights.
• Researchers studied how heel height influences posture and gait in office workers.

• high heel · yüksek topuk She bought a pair of high heels for the party.
• heel of the shoe · ayakkabının topuğu The heel of the shoe broke after a week of use.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kötü, ahlaksız kişi

a person who is dishonest or morally reprehensible; a scoundrel

The detective called the thief a heel for stealing from the elderly.

• After the scandal, the politician was labeled a heel by the media.
• She refused to work with him, knowing he was a heel in business deals.
• In the novel, the antagonist is portrayed as the ultimate heel, manipulating everyone around him.
• The courtroom drama highlighted how a heel can ruin lives with a single lie.

• real heel · gerçek kötü adam Everyone realized he was a real heel after the fraud was uncovered.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

dirsek

the joint between the upper and lower arm where the forearm bends

He hurt his elbow while playing basketball.

• The surgeon repaired the broken elbow with a metal plate.
• She rested her elbow on the desk while thinking about the problem.
• During the anatomy lab, students identified the elbow as a hinge joint.
• The veteran athlete demonstrated how proper elbow alignment can prevent injuries.

• elbow joint · dirsek eklemi The doctor examined his elbow joint for signs of inflammation.
• elbow grease · çaba, özveri You'll need some elbow grease to clean the stubborn stains.
• bend one's elbow She had to bend her elbow to lift the heavy box.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1öğrenci

a person, usually a child or teenager, who is enrolled in a school or educational institution and receives instruction.

The pupil walked to class with his backpack.

• During recess, the pupils played soccer on the field.
• The teacher praised the pupil for completing the assignment early.
• Many pupils struggle with the transition to secondary school.
• International exchange programs give pupils the chance to experience new cultures.

• primary school pupil · ilkokul öğrencisi The primary school pupil raised her hand to answer the question.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2göz bebeği

the circular opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye and reach the retina.

The optometrist examined the patient's pupils during the check-up.

• A sudden flash made his pupils shrink quickly.
• Certain medications can cause the pupils to remain dilated.
• Neurologists use pupil response as a diagnostic tool for brain injuries.
• Advanced imaging techniques can measure subtle changes in pupil dynamics.

• dilated pupil · genişlemiş göz bebeği The doctor noted a dilated pupil on the left eye.
• constricted pupil · küçülmüş göz bebeği
• dilated pupils The doctor checked for dilated pupils.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

obez

having an excessive amount of body fat, significantly above the normal weight range

The doctor warned her that being obese could lead to health problems.

• Many schools now offer programs to help obese children adopt healthier habits.

• obese patient · obez hasta The clinic provides special care for obese patients.
• obese population · obez nüfus Public health officials are concerned about the growing obese population.
• be classified as obese He is classified as obese according to the BMI chart.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1atardamar, arter

a blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body

The doctor explained that the artery supplies blood to the arm.

• A healthy diet helps keep your arteries clear of plaque.
• During the scan, the radiologist identified a small aneurysm in the artery.
• The emergency team performed an emergency bypass to restore flow in the blocked artery.

• major artery · büyük atardamar The surgeon repaired the damaged major artery during the operation.
• damage to the artery The accident caused severe damage to the artery in his leg.
• blockage in an artery A blockage in an artery can lead to a heart attack.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2ana yol, ana hat

a main channel or route through which something flows or is transmitted, often used metaphorically for important pathways in systems or societies

The railway line functions as an artery for transporting goods across the continent.

• In the digital age, the internet has become a vital artery of information flow.
• Urban planners view the subway system as an artery that reduces traffic congestion.
• The river historically acted as an economic artery, linking remote settlements to markets.
• Scholars argue that education is an intellectual artery that sustains societal development.

• economic artery · ekonomik ana hat The port serves as an economic artery for the entire region.
• cultural artery · kültürel ana hat The university is considered a cultural artery of the city.
• a main artery The road is a main artery into the city.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

mesane

a hollow muscular organ in the body that stores urine until it is expelled

The doctor explained how the bladder stores urine.

• After drinking a lot of water, his bladder felt heavy.
• She felt a sudden urge when her bladder was full.
• The surgeon repaired a damaged bladder using minimally invasive techniques.
• Researchers are studying bladder function to improve treatments for urinary disorders.

• full bladder · dolmuş mesane She couldn't concentrate because of a full bladder.
• bladder infection · mesane enfeksiyonu A bladder infection can cause painful urination.
• a full bladder He woke up with a full bladder.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

karın, karın bölgesi

the part of the body containing the digestive organs, located between the chest and pelvis

The doctor asked about any pain in the abdomen during the check-up.

• A healthy diet helps keep the abdomen free of excess fat.
• During the ultrasound, the technician examined the organs inside the abdomen.

• abdominal pain · karın ağrısı She visited the doctor because of severe abdominal pain.
• abdominal cavity · karın boşluğu The surgeon examined the abdominal cavity during the operation.
• pain in the abdomen He complained of pain in the abdomen after the meal.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

bağırsak

the part of the digestive system consisting of the intestines

He felt a sharp pain in his lower bowel after the meal.

• Researchers are studying the link between diet and bowel health.
• Chronic inflammation of the bowel can lead to serious complications.
• Advanced imaging techniques now allow clinicians to detect subtle bowel abnormalities with greater accuracy.
• The doctor explained how the bowel works in simple terms.

• bowel movement · bağırsak hareketi She noticed a change in her bowel movement after the new diet.
• bowel obstruction · bağırsak tıkanıklığı The surgeon diagnosed a bowel obstruction that required immediate operation.
• bowel cancer · bağırsak kanseri Early detection of bowel cancer can significantly improve survival rates.
• a bowel disorder Many patients suffer from bowel disorders.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

omurga, bel kemiği, temel

the central supporting structure of an organism or a system; the main source of strength or stability

The fish's backbone protects its internal organs.

• Scientists study the backbone to understand vertebrate evolution.
• In modern societies, education is often regarded as the backbone of progress.
• The research team argued that interdisciplinary collaboration serves as the backbone of innovative breakthroughs.

• backbone of the economy · ekonominin bel kemiği Small and medium enterprises are often called the backbone of the economy.
• the backbone of sth Small businesses are the backbone of the economy.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

bağ

a tough, fibrous connective tissue that connects bone to bone at a joint

The doctor examined his ankle for a possible ligament injury.

• A torn ligament often requires weeks of physiotherapy.
• Researchers are studying how ligament regeneration can improve recovery times.
• During the surgery, the surgeon repaired the damaged ligament with a synthetic graft.
• Biomechanical analysis revealed that excessive torque contributed to the ligament failure.

• ligament injury · bağ yaralanması The athlete withdrew from the game after sustaining a ligament injury.
• ligament tear · bağ yırtığı MRI scans confirmed a complete ligament tear in his knee.
• ligament laxity · bağ gevşekliği Ligament laxity can increase the risk of joint dislocation.
• tear a ligament He tore a ligament in his knee.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

zayıf, çelimsiz, narin, kırılgan

easily broken or damaged; weak and delicate in body or structure

The child looked frail after the long fever.

• She felt frail and needed extra rest during the winter.
• Doctors warned that his frail condition could worsen without proper care.
• Despite his frail appearance, he completed the marathon with determination.
• The ancient manuscript was so frail that any slight touch could cause it to disintegrate.

• frail health · zayıf sağlık After the surgery, she was left with frail health.
• frail body · kırılgan beden The elderly man moved with a frail body.
• appear frail She appears frail, but she is actually very resilient.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

gözenek, delik

a tiny opening in the skin or in a material that allows the passage of fluids or gases

The skin's pores can become clogged with oil and dirt.

• Microscopic images show the pores on the rock surface.
• Scientists study pore size distribution to improve water filtration membranes.
• The porous material's pores increase its surface area for chemical reactions.
• Advanced imaging techniques reveal the three-dimensional pore network within the catalyst.

• skin pores · cilt gözenekleri The dermatologist examined the patient's skin pores for signs of acne.
• pore size · gözenek boyutu Researchers measured the pore size of the membrane to assess its filtration efficiency.
• pore structure · gözenek yapısı The catalyst's pore structure influences its reaction rate.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

leğen kemiği

the bony structure at the base of the spine that supports the abdominal organs and connects to the lower limbs

The anatomy class studied the pelvis and its major bones.

• A doctor ordered an MRI to view the patient's pelvis.
• She felt sharp pain in her pelvis after the fall.
• The complex biomechanics of the pelvis influence gait, balance, and posture in humans.

• pelvic bone · pelvis kemiği The X-ray showed a fracture in the pelvic bone.
• pelvic region · pelvis bölgesi Doctors examined the pelvic region for signs of injury.
• pelvic floor · pelvis tabanı Strengthening the pelvic floor can help prevent urinary incontinence.
• break one's pelvis She broke her pelvis in a fall.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kıkırdak

a flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as joints, ears, and the nose

The doctor explained that cartilage protects the bones in the knee.

• Cartilage is softer than bone but tougher than muscle tissue.
• Athletes often worry about cartilage wear after long training sessions.
• Scientists are developing scaffolds to encourage cartilage regeneration after injury.
• Advanced imaging techniques now allow detailed visualization of cartilage microstructure in patients with osteoarthritis.

• cartilage tissue · kıkırdak dokusu The surgeon examined the cartilage tissue for signs of degeneration.
• cartilage damage · kıkırdak hasarı Cartilage damage can lead to chronic joint pain.
• cartilage growth · kıkırdak büyümesi Researchers are studying cartilage growth in regenerative medicine.
• be made of cartilage The ear is made of cartilage, giving it flexibility.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

bağırsak

the part of the digestive system between the stomach and the anus, consisting of the small and large intestines.

The doctor explained how the intestine works in digestion.

• She felt a sharp pain in her lower intestine after the meal.
• A healthy intestine can absorb vitamins more efficiently than a damaged one.
• The study highlighted the role of the intestine in the immune system.

• small intestine · ince bağırsak Nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.
• large intestine · kalın bağırsak The large intestine removes water from waste.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

tıknaz, yapılı

having a short, thick, and muscular build

The new student is stocky and easily lifts heavy boxes.

• His stocky appearance helped him excel in rugby matches.
• Despite being stocky, she runs marathons with impressive speed.
• The stocky carpenter crafted sturdy furniture for the renovation project.
• Researchers noted that a stocky body type can influence metabolic rates in adults.

• stocky build · kısa, sağlam vücut He has a stocky build that makes him look strong.
• stocky figure · kısa, sağlam figür The actor's stocky figure suited the role of the boxer.
• a stocky man He was a short, stocky man.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey