High Note 5

kendine güvenen, iddialı

having or showing a confident and forceful personality; willing to state opinions directly and firmly.

She is assertive and always speaks her mind in class.

• The manager praised his assertive approach during the project discussion.
• Being assertive can improve your ability to negotiate effectively.
• In the debate, her assertive arguments convinced many audience members.
• Researchers found that assertive communication styles correlate with higher leadership ratings in corporate settings.

• assertive tone · iddialı ton She used an assertive tone when presenting her ideas to the committee.
• assertive behavior · iddialı davranış His assertive behavior helped the team reach a quick decision.
• become more assertive After the workshop, she became more assertive in meetings.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kendini ifade etme yeteneği, kararlılık

the quality of being confident and direct in stating one's opinions or desires

She spoke with clear assertiveness during the interview.

• The workshop focused on developing assertiveness in young professionals.
• His assertiveness helped the team reach a quick decision on the project.
• Researchers found that assertiveness correlates with higher job satisfaction among employees.
• In cross-cultural negotiations, assertiveness must be balanced with respect for differing communication styles.

• assertiveness training · kendini ifade etme eğitimi The company offers assertiveness training for new managers.
• lack of assertiveness · kendini ifade etme eksikliği Her lack of assertiveness often leads to misunderstandings at work.
• assertiveness training She took assertiveness training.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

yetenekli, becerikli

having the ability, skill, or qualities necessary to do something successfully.

The student proved she was capable of handling the assignment.

• Our company needs a capable leader for the new division.
• Even with limited resources, the team remained capable and motivated.
• Researchers consider the model capable of predicting climate change impacts with high accuracy.
• Despite the challenges, she demonstrated that she is fully capable of achieving her long-term goals.

• highly capable · son derece yetenekli The team hired a highly capable engineer for the project.
• be capable of doing sth He is capable of leading the group effectively.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1taahhüt, söz, bağlayıcı anlaşma

a pledge or promise to do something, especially a formal or binding agreement

She signed a contract as a clear commitment to the partnership.

• The university requires a written commitment from each student before enrollment.

• make a commitment · taahhüt etmek She made a commitment to finish the project by June.
• make a commitment to sth He made a commitment to the project.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2bağlılık, adanmışlık, kararlılık

the state of being dedicated to a cause, activity, or relationship

His commitment to the project never wavered, even after setbacks.

• The teacher admired the student's commitment to learning new languages.
• Commitment to personal growth is essential for career advancement.
• During the crisis, the community's commitment to mutual aid became evident.
• The research paper highlights the importance of commitment in achieving long-term scientific breakthroughs.

• strong commitment · güçlü bağlılık Her strong commitment to research earned her a prestigious grant.
• commitment level · bağlılık düzeyi The survey measured the commitment level of volunteers.
• a commitment to sth The activist showed commitment to environmental protection.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kendini adamış, bağlı, kararlı

showing firm dedication to a cause, person, or activity

She is a committed student who studies every night.

• The team remained committed to the project despite setbacks.
• His committed attitude helped the lab meet its deadline.
• Even after the criticism, she stayed committed to her thesis topic.
• The professor praised the committed researcher for consistently publishing high-quality work.

• be committed to sth/doing sth He is committed to improving his research skills.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

merhametli, şefkatli

showing sympathy and concern for the suffering or misfortune of others

She felt compassionate when she saw the injured bird.

• The teacher was compassionate and gave extra time to the struggling student.
• Compassionate leaders inspire trust and loyalty among their teams.
• His compassionate approach to healthcare reduced patient anxiety during treatment.
• The novel portrays a compassionate protagonist who challenges societal indifference.

• compassionate care · şefkatli bakım The hospital is known for its compassionate care of patients.
• compassionate response · merhametli yanıt The government issued a compassionate response to the disaster victims.
• be compassionate towards sb She is compassionate towards animals and volunteers at the shelter.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kibirli, kendini beğenmiş

having an excessively high opinion of oneself; overly proud of one's abilities or appearance

He often boasts about his achievements, showing how conceited he can be.

• The manager's conceited remarks annoyed the whole team during the meeting.
• Even though she is talented, her conceited behavior alienates her peers.
• Critics argued that the author's conceited tone undermined the credibility of the essay.
• Despite his conceited claims of expertise, the professor struggled to answer basic questions during the lecture.

• conceited attitude · kibirli tutum His conceited attitude made it difficult for anyone to work with him.
• conceited smile · kibirli gülümseme She flashed a conceited smile after receiving the award.
• seem conceited He may seem conceited, but he is actually insecure.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kendini adamış, özverili

devoted or committed to a particular task, purpose, or cause

The dedicated student studies every night for his exams.

• She remained dedicated to her volunteer work despite a busy schedule.
• Their dedicated effort helped the laboratory achieve record results.
• Even after setbacks, the dedicated researcher continued to seek solutions.
• The university praised the dedicated professor for his groundbreaking publications.

• be dedicated to sth/doing sth He is dedicated to improving his research skills.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tahsis edilmiş, özel

set aside or allocated for a particular purpose

The school has a dedicated computer lab for science classes.

• A dedicated parking area is reserved for faculty members only.
• The company set up a dedicated server to handle large data traffic.
• Researchers received dedicated equipment to conduct the field experiment.
• The museum opened a dedicated wing to showcase ancient artifacts.

• dedicated funds · tahsis edilmiş fonlar The government allocated dedicated funds for renewable energy projects.
• dedicated space · tahsis edilmiş alan The library provides a dedicated space for quiet study.
• be dedicated to sth The building has a room dedicated to art exhibitions.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

savunma, savunmacı

intended to protect oneself or one's interests from attack or criticism

He answered the question with a defensive tone.

• The cat curled up in a defensive position when the dog approached.
• During the debate, she became defensive about her research methods.
• The company's defensive strategy helped it survive the economic downturn.
• Critics noted that the author's defensive narrative limited the novel's broader appeal.
• The country invested heavily in defensive technologies.
• Researchers studied defensive mechanisms in marine organisms.
• The army practiced defensive drills every morning.
• Legislators debated the effectiveness of defensive legislation against cyber threats.
• Scholars argue that defensive realism offers a compelling explanation of international relations.

• defensive posture · savunma duruşu The team adopted a defensive posture after conceding the first goal.
• defensive reaction · savunmacı tepki His defensive reaction made it hard to discuss the problem calmly.
• defensive measures · savunma önlemleri The government introduced defensive measures to protect critical infrastructure.
• defensive tactics · savunma taktikleri The coach emphasized defensive tactics to limit the opponent's scoring chances.
• be defensive about sth She is defensive about her writing style and refuses criticism.
• take a defensive stance The politician took a defensive stance when questioned about the scandal.
• defensive measures The country took defensive measures.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

ihtiyatlı, ketum, dikkat çekmeyen, ölçülü

showing prudence and carefulness in speech or actions to avoid attracting attention or causing offense

She whispered the news in a discreet manner to avoid gossip.

• His discreet behavior during the meeting impressed the senior partners.
• When discussing confidential data, the researcher remained discreet and followed protocol.
• The journalist's discreet investigation uncovered the hidden corruption without alerting the authorities.

• discreet manner · ölçülü tutum She answered the sensitive question in a discreet manner.
• discreet inquiry · gizli soruşturma The manager made a discreet inquiry about the employee's performance.
• be discreet about sth He was discreet about his personal finances.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sağduyu, ihtiyat, ketumluk

the ability to make responsible decisions and act with good judgment in various situations

She showed great discretion when the sensitive issue arose.

• His discretion helped avoid a potential conflict among the team members.
• The diplomat's discretion was essential during the delicate peace negotiations.
• Teachers must exercise discretion when grading essays that contain personal anecdotes.
• In high-stakes research, scientists rely on discretion to interpret ambiguous data responsibly.

• exercise discretion · sağduyu kullanmak The manager exercised discretion when handling the employee's complaint.
• use discretion · tedbirli davranmak Please use discretion when discussing confidential matters.
• have the discretion to do sth The committee has discretion to approve the budget adjustments.
• at one's discretion You may leave the meeting early at your own discretion.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2takdir yetkisi, serbest karar verme yetkisi

the freedom or authority to decide how to act in a particular situation

The contract gives the buyer discretion over the delivery schedule.

• Local officials exercised discretion in granting permits for the new park.
• Company policy grants managers discretion to approve overtime hours.
• During the crisis, the governor's discretion was crucial for swift emergency response.
• Researchers appreciate the discretion to choose methodologies that best fit their study design.

• at sb's discretion Bonuses are paid at the manager's discretion.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

açık sözlü, dürüst, içten

describing someone who expresses thoughts and feelings directly and honestly

She was frank about her feelings during the interview.

• His frank response surprised everyone in the room.
• The report contains a frank assessment of the economic situation.
• Despite criticism, the scientist remained frank about the limitations of the study.
• In diplomatic negotiations, a frank exchange of concerns can lead to more sustainable agreements.

• frank opinion · açık görüş She gave a frank opinion about the project's shortcomings.
• frank discussion · açık tartışma The manager encouraged a frank discussion during the meeting.
• be frank about sth He was frank about his lack of experience in the field.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

açıklık, dürüstlük, samimiyet

the quality of being open, honest, and direct in speech or expression

His frankness made the discussion clearer for everyone.

• The manager praised the employee's frankness during the feedback session.
• Despite the tension, her frankness helped resolve the misunderstanding quickly.
• The report's frankness about the financial risks was appreciated by the board.
• Academic journals value frankness when authors disclose methodological limitations.

• frankness about · açıklık (konusunda) Her frankness about the project's difficulties impressed the team.
• blunt frankness · açık sözlülük He appreciated the blunt frankness of his colleague during the meeting.
• with frankness She spoke with frankness.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kültürel miras

the traditions, achievements, objects, and values that are passed down from previous generations within a society or group

The festival celebrates the local heritage with music and dance.

• Students studied the heritage of ancient civilizations in their history class.
• Government funding helps protect heritage buildings from decay.
• Researchers examined how digital media can document intangible heritage.
• Debates continue over how to balance development with the preservation of cultural heritage.

• cultural heritage · kültürel miras The museum showcases the country's cultural heritage.
• heritage site · miras alanı UNESCO designated the ancient ruins as a heritage site.
• preserve one's heritage Communities work hard to preserve their heritage for future generations.
• cultural heritage The city is proud of its cultural heritage.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

alçakgönüllü, mütevazı

having a modest or low view of one's own importance; not proud or arrogant

She gave a humble thank-you after receiving the scholarship.

• His humble speech impressed the audience with its sincerity.
• Even after the promotion, the manager stayed humble and listened to staff concerns.
• Critics praised the novel for its humble narrative that avoided grandiose language.
• The village consists of humble houses made of wood and stone.
• Students from humble families often receive scholarships to support their studies.
• His humble upbringing taught him the value of hard work and perseverance.
• The organization aims to improve living conditions for people in humble neighborhoods.
• Despite his humble status, he contributed valuable insights during the conference.

• be humbled by sth He was humbled by the unexpected criticism.
• remain humble Despite the award, she chose to remain humble.
• come from a humble background She comes from a humble background but works hard to succeed.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

alçakgönüllülük

the quality of being modest and not thinking of oneself as better than others

He accepted the compliment with humility and thanked everyone.

• Even after winning the prize, she spoke with humility about her work.
• The professor praised the student's humility in acknowledging the team's effort.
• Despite his fame, his humility remained evident in every public appearance.
• In academic discourse, humility allows scholars to consider alternative viewpoints critically.

• show humility · alçakgönüllülük göstermek The leader showed humility by admitting his mistake.
• humility in the face of · ... karşısında alçakgönüllülük She maintained humility in the face of great success.
• demonstrate humility He tried to demonstrate humility during the interview.
• with humility She accepted the award with humility.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1dahil

including all the specified items, groups, or categories; not excluding any part.

The conference registration fee is an inclusive price that covers all meals.

• The rental agreement lists inclusive dates from March 1 to March 31.
• Our travel package offers an inclusive price, so you won't pay extra for activities.
• The university's tuition is inclusive of lab fees, library access, and health services.
• The policy provides an inclusive coverage that extends to all eligible family members.

• inclusive price · tüm masrafları kapsayan fiyat The tour package offers an inclusive price that covers accommodation and meals.
• inclusive dates · dahil edilen tarih aralığı Please submit your application within the inclusive dates of June 1 to June 30.
• be inclusive of sth The scholarship is inclusive of tuition fees and textbooks.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kapsayıcı, herkesi kapsayan, ayrımcı olmayan

designed to include people of all backgrounds, abilities, or identities without discrimination.

The school handbook promotes an inclusive environment for all students.

• The new software update includes an inclusive design that benefits users with visual impairments.
• Teachers are trained to use inclusive language to avoid gender bias.
• The organization's inclusive policy ensures equal opportunities for people of all abilities.
• Researchers argue that inclusive curricula improve critical thinking across diverse student populations.

• inclusive language · herkesi kapsayan dil The university encourages the use of inclusive language in all official communications.
• inclusive policy · herkesi kapsayan politika The company adopted an inclusive policy to support employees with disabilities.
• be inclusive of sth The curriculum should be inclusive of diverse cultural perspectives.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

ömür boyu süren

lasting or continuing for the whole of a person's life

She decided to study art history as a lifelong interest.

• His lifelong dedication to research earned him international recognition.
• Despite career changes, her lifelong love for literature never faded.
• Policymakers must consider the lifelong impact of climate change on future generations.

• lifelong learning · ömür boyu öğrenme Many professionals pursue lifelong learning to stay current in their fields.
• lifelong friendship · ömür boyu dostluk Their lifelong friendship began when they were children in the same neighborhood.
• lifelong commitment · ömür boyu bağlılık She made a lifelong commitment to environmental conservation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

hatıra eşyaları

objects kept or collected because of their historical interest, personal significance, or association with a particular person, event, or period

She bought a small box of memorabilia from the concert she attended last year.

• The collector displayed his memorabilia on a shelf in the living room.
• Many fans travel to museums to see original memorabilia of historic events.
• University archives preserve memorabilia that document the campus's cultural evolution.
• Researchers analyze memorabilia to gain insights into the social attitudes of past decades.

• collect memorabilia · hatıra eşyaları toplamak She loves to collect memorabilia from classic movies.
• sports memorabilia · spor hatıra eşyaları The museum displayed rare sports memorabilia, including signed jerseys.
• historical memorabilia · tarihi hatıra eşyaları The auction featured valuable historical memorabilia from the 19th century.
• sports memorabilia He collects sports memorabilia.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

merhametli

showing compassion or forgiveness towards someone who is in a position of weakness or has done wrong

The governor's merciful policy reduced prison overcrowding across the state.

• Scientists praised the merciful approach of the new animal-testing guidelines.
• Philosophers debate whether a truly merciful society can exist without compromising justice.

• merciful ruler · merhametli hükümdar The merciful ruler pardoned the political prisoners.
• merciful decision · merhametli karar She made a merciful decision to give the child another chance.
• merciful treatment · merhametli muamele The doctor provided merciful treatment to the terminally ill patient.
• be merciful to sb The judge was merciful to the first-time offender.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

merhamet, bağışlama

the compassionate treatment of someone who is in a vulnerable or powerless position, especially when it involves forgiveness or leniency

The community showed mercy by providing food to the homeless families.

• After the accident, the driver asked for mercy from the injured passengers.
• International law requires nations to act with mercy toward prisoners of war.
• Her speech emphasized that true leadership must balance justice with mercy.
• Scholars debate whether mercy can coexist with strict legal enforcement in modern societies.

• show mercy · merhamet göstermek The judge decided to show mercy and reduced the sentence.
• ask for mercy · merhamet istemek The prisoner pleaded with the governor to ask for mercy.
• have mercy on sb Please have mercy on the stray animals during the storm.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

fazla pişirmek

to cook food for too long or at too high a temperature, causing it to become dry or burnt

I always set a timer so I don't overcook the rice.

• The chef warned that overcooking the sauce will make it bitter.
• Even experienced cooks can overcook delicate fish if the heat is too high.
• Researchers found that overcooking protein-rich foods reduces their nutritional value.

• overcook the meat · eti fazla pişirmek She tended to overcook the meat, making it tough.
• overcook the pasta · makarnayı fazla pişirmek
• overcook the vegetables · sebzeleri fazla pişirmek He overcooked the vegetables, and they lost their bright color.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

paramedik, acil tıp teknisyeni, ambulans çalışanı

a trained medical professional who provides emergency care to patients before they reach a hospital

The paramedic checked the victim's pulse and breathing.

• During the fire, the paramedic provided first aid to several injured people.
• Paramedics often have to make quick decisions under stressful conditions.
• After completing his certification, he joined a paramedic unit in the city's emergency response team.
• Advanced paramedic protocols now include administering certain medications on the scene.

• paramedic team · acil tıp ekibi The paramedic team arrived at the accident scene within minutes.
• paramedic services · acil tıp hizmetleri Many rural areas rely on volunteer paramedic services.
• work as a paramedic She decided to work as a paramedic after completing her emergency medical training.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

coşkulu, tutkulu

showing strong enthusiasm or intense emotion toward something or someone

She feels passionate about helping refugees in her community.

• His passionate speech inspired the audience to take action.
• The artist's passionate dedication to her craft is widely recognized.
• Despite criticism, the scientist remained passionate about her groundbreaking research.
• Their passionate debate highlighted the complexities of climate policy.

• passionate about · bir şeye tutkulu She is passionate about environmental conservation.
• passionate supporter · coşkulu destekçi He became a passionate supporter of the local football team.
• passionate love · şiddetli aşk Their passionate love was evident in every glance.
• be passionate about sth The researcher is passionate about renewable energy.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

değerlendirmek, puanlamak

to assign a value or score to something based on its qualities

The teacher will rate each essay on clarity and originality.

• He rated the restaurant as five stars after the dinner.
• Researchers rate the reliability of the data using statistical tests.
• International panels rate the country's progress on climate policies annually.

• rate a movie · bir filmi puanlamak Critics will rate the movie after its premiere.
• rate the performance · performansı değerlendirmek The manager will rate the performance of each employee.
• rate sth highly/poorly Customers rate the service highly.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

dayanıklı, esnek, dirençli

able to recover quickly from difficulties or to withstand stress and adversity

The plant is resilient and survives in harsh desert conditions.

• After the accident, his resilient attitude helped him recover fast.
• Scientists are developing resilient fabrics that can stretch without breaking.
• The country's resilient economy bounced back after the recession.
• Even under intense pressure, her resilient mindset allowed her to excel in the competition.

• resilient community · dayanıklı topluluk The resilient community rebuilt its homes after the flood.
• resilient material · esnek malzeme Engineers chose a resilient material for the bridge supports.
• be resilient to sth She is resilient to criticism and keeps improving.
• remain resilient Despite the setbacks, the team remained resilient throughout the season.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

samimi, içten

genuine and honest in feeling, expression, or action; not pretending or deceitful

She gave a sincere smile when she greeted her old friend.

• The teacher appreciated the student's sincere interest in the subject.
• During the interview, his sincere answers impressed the panel.
• Despite the criticism, the author remained sincere in her belief about the novel's message.
• The diplomat's sincere commitment to peace helped resolve the long-standing conflict.

• sincere apology · samimi özür He offered a sincere apology for his mistake.
• sincere gratitude · samimi minnettarlık She expressed sincere gratitude for the support she received.
• sincere effort · samimi çaba The team made a sincere effort to meet the deadline.
• be sincere about sth You should be sincere about your intentions when applying for the scholarship.
• a sincere apology Please accept my sincere apology.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

samimiyet, içtenlik, dürüstlük

the quality of being free from pretense, deceit, or hypocrisy; genuine honesty

He wrote a short note to show his sincerity.

• The manager praised the team's sincerity during the project review.
• Even after the scandal, the politician's sincerity was questioned by many analysts.

• show sincerity · samimiyet göstermek She always tries to show sincerity in her apologies.
• express sincerity · samimiyeti ifade etmek The letter was written to express sincerity and gratitude.
• in all sincerity In all sincerity, I am sorry.
• demonstrate sincerity During the interview, she tried to demonstrate sincerity about her motivations.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kendiliğinden davranma, doğallık

the quality of being spontaneous; acting without premeditation or external constraint

She enjoys traveling because it allows her to experience spontaneity.

• The teacher praised the student's spontaneity in answering the unexpected question.
• During the workshop, participants were encouraged to embrace spontaneity in their designs.
• Critics argued that the film's spontaneity was compromised by excessive editing.
• Researchers studying creativity often examine how spontaneity interacts with structured problem-solving.

• act with spontaneity · kendiliğinden davranmak She decided to act with spontaneity and accepted the invitation on the spot.
• spontaneity of · ...nin doğallığı The spontaneity of his remarks made the audience laugh.
• show spontaneity The artist likes to show spontaneity in his improvisational performances.
• a lack of spontaneity The strict schedule resulted in a lack of spontaneity during the trip.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kendiliğinden, plansız, içten

occurring without premeditation or external stimulus; arising naturally and without planning

She gave a spontaneous smile when she saw the surprise.

• The teacher praised his spontaneous answer during the class discussion.
• During the hike, they enjoyed a spontaneous picnic by the river.
• Researchers noted that spontaneous laughter can reduce stress levels in adults.
• The novel's plot is driven by spontaneous events that challenge the protagonist's expectations.

• spontaneous reaction · kendiliğinden tepki His spontaneous reaction surprised everyone at the meeting.
• a spontaneous decision It was a spontaneous decision.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

istikrar, kararlılık

the condition of being steady, unchanging, or resistant to change

Engineers tested the device for stability under extreme conditions.

• Political analysts warned that the upcoming election could threaten stability in the country.
• Researchers are investigating how climate change may undermine ecological stability over the next decades.

• maintain stability · istikrarı sürdürmek The government must maintain stability during the transition period.
• political stability · siyasi istikrar Political stability attracts foreign investment.
• economic stability · ekonomik istikrar Economic stability is essential for long-term growth.
• ensure stability The central bank works to ensure financial stability.
• a lack of stability A lack of social stability can lead to unrest.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sabit, değişmeyen

not likely to change or fluctuate; remaining constant over time.

The market has been stable this year, with only minor fluctuations.

• Scientists observed that the chemical compound stayed stable at room temperature.
• Her performance remained stable despite the increased workload.
• The government introduced policies to keep the housing market stable during the recession.
• Long-term investments are preferred because they tend to provide a more stable return over time.

• stable economy · istikrarlı ekonomi The country has enjoyed a stable economy for the past decade.
• stable relationship · sürekli ilişki Their stable relationship survived many challenges.
• remain stable The temperature remained stable throughout the experiment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2sağlam, dayanıklı

firmly built or constructed; able to withstand stress or pressure without breaking.

The table is stable and does not wobble when you push it.

• A stable ladder is crucial for safety when working at heights.
• The researchers designed a stable alloy that resists corrosion.
• After the renovation, the old house became much more stable and secure.
• The athlete's training focused on developing a stable core to improve performance.

• stable structure · sağlam yapı The bridge's stable structure has withstood several earthquakes.
• stable foundation · güçlü temel A stable foundation is essential for any tall building.
• make sth stable Engineers worked to make the new tower stable against strong winds.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sokak zekâsı olan, açıkgöz, sokağı bilen

having practical knowledge and experience of life in urban environments, especially in dealing with difficult or risky situations.

She grew up in the city and became very streetwise.

• The guide gave streetwise tips for navigating the crowded market.
• Being streetwise can protect you from unexpected dangers in urban areas.
• His streetwise instincts warned him before the shady deal went wrong.
• Even seasoned journalists need streetwise awareness when reporting from conflict zones.

düşünceli, nazik, incelikli

showing sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult situations

He gave a tactful comment during the meeting.

• The manager's tactful tone prevented the argument from escalating.
• When negotiating, she remained tactful and avoided harsh language.
• A tactful diplomat can resolve conflicts that seem impossible to settle.
• Even in heated debates, a tactful speaker can maintain respect and clarity.

• tactful approach · incelikli yaklaşım She took a tactful approach when discussing the controversial topic.
• tactful response · nazik yanıt His tactful response helped calm the angry customer.
• be tactful about sth You need to be tactful about giving feedback to new employees.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sert, dayanıklı

capable of withstanding great force or pressure; not easily broken or damaged

The new phone case is made of a tough material that protects against drops.

• Scientists tested the tough polymer for resistance to extreme temperatures.
• The hikers relied on tough boots to navigate the rocky trail safely.
• Manufacturers invest heavily in developing tough composites for aerospace applications.
• Despite repeated impacts, the tough glass remained uncracked during the experiment.

• tough material · sert malzeme The engineers chose a tough material for the bridge supports.
• tough fabric · dayanıklı kumaş Outdoor jackets are made from tough fabric that resists tearing.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2zor

requiring great effort, skill, or endurance; difficult to accomplish or deal with

The math problem was tough, but she solved it after a few attempts.

• Moving to a new city can be a tough experience for many people.
• The coach gave the team a tough training schedule to improve their stamina.
• Negotiating the contract proved to be a tough challenge for the legal department.
• Despite the tough circumstances, the researchers continued their work with determination.

• tough decision · zor karar She faced a tough decision about whether to accept the job offer.
• tough exam · zor sınav
• tough situation · zor durum The company found itself in a tough situation after the market crash.
• a tough decision It was a tough decision.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kabile

a social group consisting of families or communities that share a common culture, language, and ancestry

The tribe lives in a remote valley in the mountains.

• Anthropologists study the tribe's language and rituals.
• Scholars argue that the tribe's complex social structure challenges conventional theories of early state formation.

• belong to a tribe Many indigenous peoples still belong to a tribe that preserves their heritage.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

güvenilir, güvene layık

capable of being relied on as honest or truthful; deserving of trust

The teacher chose a trustworthy student to hand out the exam papers.

• Customers prefer companies that are trustworthy and transparent about their policies.
• During the investigation, the detective needed a trustworthy witness to confirm the alibi.
• The research team emphasized that all data must be recorded by trustworthy instruments to ensure validity.
• Even in high-pressure negotiations, maintaining a trustworthy demeanor can secure long-term partnerships.

• trustworthy source · güvenilir kaynak The journalist cited a trustworthy source for the story.
• trustworthy person · güvenilir kişi She proved herself to be a trustworthy person in every project.
• prove oneself trustworthy He had to prove himself trustworthy before the committee approved his request.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1değerlendirme, ölçme, sınav

the act of judging the nature, ability, or quality of something; a formal test or appraisal

The school uses regular assessments to track student progress.

• His performance assessment showed significant improvement over the year.
• The company hired an external firm to conduct a comprehensive assessment of its operations.
• During the interview, the candidate was asked to discuss his self-assessment of leadership skills.
• The government released a nationwide assessment of the pandemic's economic impact.

• assessment of learning · öğrenme değerlendirmesi The teacher conducted an assessment of learning at the end of the semester.
• risk assessment · risk değerlendirmesi A thorough risk assessment is required before starting the construction project.
• an assessment of sth We need an assessment of the risks.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2vergi tarhı, değer biçme

the process of determining the amount of tax or fee that is owed; a formal calculation of tax liability.

The local government issued a new assessment of all commercial properties.

• Homeowners were surprised by the higher assessment after the recent market boom.
• The tax authority sent a notice regarding the assessment of his income for the previous year.
• Legal scholars debate the fairness of the assessment methods used in property taxation.

• a tax assessment They received a tax assessment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kapsamlı, bütüncül

including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something.

Our company needs a comprehensive analysis of market trends before launching the product.

• She wrote a comprehensive guide that explains the legal procedures step by step.
• The research paper presents a comprehensive overview of climate-change mitigation strategies.
• Despite limited resources, the team delivered a comprehensive solution that satisfied all stakeholders.
• The university offers a comprehensive introduction to statistics for beginners.

• comprehensive review · kapsamlı inceleme The committee conducted a comprehensive review of the policy proposals.
• comprehensive study · kapsamlı çalışma Her dissertation is a comprehensive study of renewable energy systems.
• a comprehensive review of sth The government announced a comprehensive review of the law.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

temelde, esasen

in its most basic nature; basically

The new rule is essentially a rewrite of the old one.

• Her argument is essentially based on economic theory.
• Scientists found that the virus is essentially harmless to children.
• Although the design looks different, it is essentially the same as the previous model.
• The philosopher contended that consciousness is essentially a product of neural processes.

• essentially the same · temelde aynı The two proposals are essentially the same despite minor wording differences.
• essentially unchanged · temelde değişmemiş The policy has remained essentially unchanged since its introduction.
• essentially true · temelde doğru His statement is essentially true, though some details are missing.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey