ODTÜ 301 Span 1

beslenme

the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth

Good nutrition helps you stay healthy and energetic.

• The school cafeteria provides balanced nutrition for students.
• Researchers study how nutrition affects brain development in children.
• A diet rich in fruits and vegetables improves overall nutrition and reduces disease risk.
• Policy makers are debating how to ensure equitable nutrition access across low-income communities.

• proper nutrition · uygun beslenme Proper nutrition is essential for children's development.
• nutrition facts · besin değerleri The label lists the nutrition facts for each serving.
• nutrition program · beslenme programı The university offers a nutrition program for dietetics students.
• improve one's nutrition She decided to improve her nutrition by eating more vegetables.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

çalışmak, iş yapmak

to engage in physical or mental activity in order to achieve a result or earn money

I work at the university library every Saturday.

• Students work together on group assignments during class.
• Many people work remotely after the pandemic changed office habits.
• The researcher worked diligently to collect accurate field data for the study.
• Despite limited resources, the team worked innovatively to publish a high-impact paper.

• work hard · çok çalışmak She works hard to finish her thesis on time.
• work overtime · fazla mesai yapmak The staff had to work overtime during the product launch.
• work on sth He is working on a new research project this semester.
• work with sb She works with a team of international scholars.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1işçi

a person who performs manual labour or works for wages, especially in industry or manufacturing

The construction site hired several new workers last week.

• A worker must follow safety regulations at all times.
• Many workers receive health benefits from their employers.
• The union negotiated better wages for all factory workers.
• Despite the long hours, the dedicated worker completed the project ahead of schedule.

• factory worker · fabrika işçisi The factory worker operated the assembly line for eight hours.
• temporary worker · geçici işçi She was hired as a temporary worker during the holiday season.
• skilled worker · kalifiye işçi Skilled workers are in high demand in the construction sector.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2çalışan

a person who is employed by an organization or company, regardless of the type of work performed

The company announced bonuses for all its workers.

• A new worker joined the marketing team last Monday.
• Workers are required to attend the safety training session.
• The manager praised the hardworking workers during the meeting.
• International policies increasingly protect the rights of migrant workers.

• office worker · ofis çalışanı The office worker answered emails all morning.
• part-time worker · yarı zamanlı çalışan She is a part-time worker at the university library.
• seasonal worker · mevsimlik çalışan Seasonal workers are hired during the harvest period.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1bilmek, farkında olmak

to be aware of facts, information, or a situation

I know the schedule for tomorrow's classes.

• Do you know where the library is located?
• She knows the rules of the game very well.
• They know how to analyze large data sets efficiently.
• Researchers know that climate change impacts biodiversity.

• know the facts · gerçekleri bilmek She knows the facts about the case.
• know the answer · cevabı bilmek Do you know the answer to this question?
• know about sth He knows a lot about renewable energy.
• know how to do sth She knows how to solve complex equations.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tanımak, aşina olmak

to be familiar with a person, place, or thing through experience or acquaintance

I know my neighbor from the building next door.

• Do you know the professor who teaches modern literature?
• She knows the museum's layout, so we can find the exhibit quickly.
• We know the local customs, which helps us conduct field research smoothly.
• The team knows the challenges of implementing AI in healthcare.

• know the city · şehri tanımak Since I moved here, I now know the city inside out.
• know sb well I know her well; we have worked together for years.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

bilgi

information, facts, or understanding acquired through experience or education

He gained new knowledge after attending the conference.

• Their research contributes valuable knowledge to the field of genetics.
• Despite limited resources, the team managed to expand their collective knowledge significantly.
• Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for generating comprehensive knowledge that addresses complex global challenges.
• The textbook provides basic knowledge for beginners.

• acquire knowledge · bilgi edinmek Students acquire knowledge through lectures and reading assignments.
• share knowledge · bilgi paylaşmak The workshop encourages participants to share knowledge with one another.
• knowledge of sth She has extensive knowledge of medieval literature.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1stres, gerginlik, psikolojik baskı

a state of mental or emotional strain resulting from demanding circumstances

She felt a lot of stress before the interview.

• The deadline created stress for the whole team.
• Many people develop coping strategies to reduce stress.
• Chronic stress can affect both mental and physical health.
• Researchers are studying how stress influences decision-making in high-risk environments.

• high stress · yüksek gerginlik She works long hours and lives under high stress.
• stress management · gerginlik yönetimi The company offers stress management workshops for employees.
• under stress He performed well even when he was under stress.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2gerilme, gerilim, mekanik zorlanma

the internal resistance of a material to deformation caused by an external force

The material failed because of excessive stress.

• Engineers calculate stress to ensure safety of structures.
• High stress concentrations can lead to cracks in metal parts.
• Finite-element methods are used for detailed stress analysis in complex components.
• Understanding stress distribution helps improve the durability of biomedical implants.

• tensile stress · gerinme gerilimi Tensile stress increases when a metal rod is pulled.
• compressive stress · basma gerilimi Concrete experiences compressive stress under load.
• under stress The bridge was designed to remain stable under stress from traffic.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

stresli, gergin, baskı altında

feeling mental or emotional pressure; tense or anxious because of demands or difficulties.

She felt stressed before the presentation.

• Many students are stressed during exam periods.
• The manager seemed stressed after the sudden budget cuts.
• He became increasingly stressed as the deadline approached.

• stressed out · çok gergin, yorgun She felt stressed out after the final exams.
• stressed student · gergin öğrenci The stressed student struggled to meet the project deadline.
• be stressed about sth/doing sth He is stressed about finishing his thesis on time.
• feel stressed I often feel stressed during busy weeks.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

gerilimli, stresli

causing mental or emotional tension; producing stress.

The deadline made the project very stressful for the team.

• She felt stressed because the meeting was unexpectedly stressful.
• Living in a noisy neighborhood can become stressful over time.
• Researchers discovered that a stressful environment reduces learning efficiency in classrooms.
• Despite the stressful circumstances, the committee managed to produce a comprehensive report.

• stressful job · gerilimli iş She quit her stressful job after the deadline was missed.
• stressful situation · gerilimli durum The exam period creates a stressful situation for many students.
• be stressful for sb The long commute is stressful for commuters living far from the city.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

endişelenmek, kaygı duymak

to feel anxious or concerned about something, especially something that may happen in the future

She worries about the weather forecast every morning.

• Many parents worry about their children's safety at school.
• He couldn't sleep because he kept worrying about the project deadline.
• The news of the economic downturn made investors worry about future profits.
• Despite extensive preparation, the researcher still worried that the data might be inconclusive.

• worry about · hakkında endişelenmek She worries about her upcoming exams.
• worry about sth He worries about his health every day.
• worry that … I worry that we might miss the deadline.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1koşmak

to move quickly on foot, faster than walking

The dog runs around the yard every morning.

• She runs three miles before breakfast each day.
• During the race, the athletes ran side by side for the first kilometer.
• When the alarm sounded, the students ran out of the building quickly.
• Despite the heavy rain, the marathon runners continued to run with determination.

• run a marathon · maraton koşmak She decided to run a marathon next spring.
• run fast · hızlı koşmak The children ran fast across the playground.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2yürütmek, işletmek

to manage, direct, or be in charge of an organization, activity, or system

The university runs several research labs across campus.

• She runs the marketing department with great enthusiasm.
• Our team runs a weekly meeting to discuss progress.
• The charity runs a food-distribution program for low-income families.
• After the merger, the new board will run the combined corporation efficiently.

• run a company · bir şirketi yürütmek
• run a program · bir programı yürütmek The IT department runs a backup program every night.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3sürmek, devam etmek

to continue or proceed in a particular way or over a period of time

His speech ran long, and the audience grew restless.

• If we don't act now, the budget deficit will run deeper.
• Despite setbacks, the project ran successfully and met all milestones.

• run smoothly · sorunsuz ilerlemek The conference ran smoothly thanks to careful planning.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1bakmak

to direct one's eyes toward someone or something in order to see them

She looked at the clock and realized she was late.

• The tourists looked around the market, taking photos of the stalls.
• He looked at his phone, waiting for the email to arrive.
• When the teacher entered, the students looked up and fell silent.
• Scientists looked at the data for weeks before drawing any conclusions.

• look at · bakmak (bir şeye) She looked at the painting for several minutes.
• look around · etrafına bakmak He looked around the room, trying to find his keys.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2görünmek

to seem or appear in a particular way to an observer

The old house looks abandoned after years of neglect.

• The soup looks delicious, so I will try it.
• His face looked pale when the news was announced.
• The proposal looks promising, but it needs more data.

• look like · gibi görünmek She looks like she has been working all night.
• look tired · yorgun görünmek After the marathon, he looked tired but happy.
• look like sth/sb You look like a professional photographer.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3(for ile) aramak, bir şey bulmaya çalışmak

to search for someone or something by directing one's sight or attention

I looked for my glasses everywhere in the house.

• The detective looked for clues at the crime scene.
• She looked for a quiet place to study in the library.
• We looked for a restaurant that serves vegan options.
• Researchers looked for patterns in the climate data over decades.

• look for · aramak I am looking for my notebook on the desk.
• look for sth She looked for a solution to the problem.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

rahatlamak, gevşemek

to become less tense or anxious; to make something less strict or tight

After the exam, the students relax in the campus garden.

• She relaxes by practicing yoga every morning.
• The manager told the team to relax and focus on the next steps.
• Scientists study how certain sounds can relax the nervous system during therapy.
• Despite the high-pressure environment, he managed to relax his mind through mindful meditation techniques.

• relax after work · işten sonra rahatlamak She likes to relax after work by listening to music.
• relax the muscles · kasları gevşetmek A warm bath can help you relax the muscles.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

rahatlama

the state of being free from tension, stress, or anxiety

After a long walk, she felt a sense of relaxation.

• Listening to soft music helps many people experience relaxation.
• The university provides a quiet lounge for students seeking relaxation between classes.
• Researchers measured physiological indicators to assess the effectiveness of relaxation techniques in reducing cortisol levels.
• In high-stress professions, systematic relaxation training is incorporated into curricula to enhance long-term mental resilience.

• muscle relaxation · kas gevşemesi The therapist applied heat to promote muscle relaxation.
• deep relaxation · derin rahatlama Guided meditation can lead to deep relaxation.
• promote relaxation The spa offers treatments designed to promote relaxation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

rahatlatıcı

causing a state of relaxation; soothing or calming.

The warm bath felt relaxing after the cold workout.

• She bought a relaxing scented candle for her bedroom.
• Reading a novel in a quiet park can be very relaxing.
• The professor described the lecture as surprisingly relaxing despite the complex topic.

• relaxing music · rahatlatıcı müzik She listened to relaxing music while studying.
• relaxing atmosphere · rahatlatıcı ortam The spa offers a relaxing atmosphere for its guests.
• find sth relaxing Many people find yoga relaxing after a long day.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

rahat, gevşemiş

feeling free from tension or anxiety; calm and at ease.

She took a deep breath and felt relaxed.

• The manager created a relaxed environment for the team meeting.
• Even after the long flight, he remained relaxed and chatted with strangers.
• Scientists observed that participants who listened to classical music were more relaxed during the test.
• Despite the high stakes, the seasoned negotiator stayed relaxed, carefully weighing each proposal.

• relaxed atmosphere · rahat ortam The coffee shop had a relaxed atmosphere that encouraged long conversations.
• relaxed posture · gevşek duruş She sat with a relaxed posture, showing she was comfortable during the interview.
• feel relaxed After the yoga class, I felt relaxed and ready to work.
• be relaxed about sth He is relaxed about the upcoming exam and doesn't study intensively.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

dürüst

being truthful, not lying or cheating; showing integrity

She is an honest student who never cheats on exams.

• The journalist wrote an honest report on the environmental impact.
• Even when the truth was painful, he remained honest with his family.
• During the debate, the candidate's honest assessment of the policy surprised many listeners.
• The scientist's honest critique of the methodology prompted a comprehensive revision of the study.

• honest opinion · gerçekçi görüş She gave an honest opinion about the project's feasibility.
• honest mistake · samimi hata It was an honest mistake, not an attempt to deceive.
• be honest about sth He decided to be honest about his financial situation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1dürüst olmayan

not truthful; inclined to lie or cheat

He told a dishonest story to avoid getting in trouble.

• The politician's dishonest promises upset many voters.
• She felt uneasy after noticing his dishonest remarks during the meeting.
• Despite his dishonest tactics, the project eventually succeeded because of the team's effort.
• Academic integrity policies punish dishonest conduct such as plagiarism and falsifying data.

• dishonest behavior · dürüst olmayan davranış His dishonest behavior caused the team to lose trust.
• dishonest person · dürüst olmayan kişi She realized that the salesman was a dishonest person.
• be dishonest about sth He was dishonest about his qualifications during the interview.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2hileli, aldatıcı

involving cheating or fraud; intended to deceive

The lawyer warned the client about the risks of dishonest contracts.

• Regulators cracked down on dishonest trade that harmed small businesses.
• Students who use dishonest methods to cheat on exams face severe penalties.
• The investigation revealed a network of dishonest financial schemes across multiple countries.
• Scholars analyze how dishonest reporting can distort public perception of scientific findings.

• dishonest practices · aldatıcı uygulamalar The company was investigated for its dishonest practices in accounting.
• dishonest trade · aldatıcı ticaret Consumers complained about the dishonest trade of counterfeit goods.
• dishonest practices The firm was accused of dishonest practices.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sakınmak, uzak durmak

to keep away from someone or something; to stay clear of

I avoid eating junk food to stay healthy.

• The driver tried to avoid the pothole on the road.
• Students often avoid plagiarism by citing sources correctly.
• During the debate, she skillfully avoided answering the controversial question.
• Researchers must avoid bias when designing experiments.

• avoid traffic · trafikten kaçınmak She left early to avoid traffic on the highway.
• avoid confrontation · çatışmadan kaçınmak He tends to avoid confrontation at work.
• avoid doing sth They avoid making the same mistake again.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2önlemek, engellemek

to keep something from happening; to stop something from occurring

Engineers design filters to avoid contamination of the water supply.

• The policy aims to avoid unnecessary expenses in the budget.
• Teachers use clear instructions to avoid misunderstandings among students.
• Regulators introduced stricter rules to avoid future financial crises.
• Scientists develop models to avoid catastrophic climate scenarios.

• avoid disease · hastalığı önlemek Vaccination helps to avoid disease outbreaks.
• avoid errors · hataları önlemek Proofreading the manuscript can avoid errors.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

iletişim, temas

a person or thing that one communicates with or touches; the act of communicating or touching

She gave me her phone number so we could stay in contact.

• The astronaut lost contact with mission control during the storm.
• I need to make contact with the admissions office about my application.
• Despite the distance, they maintain regular contact through video calls.
• The sudden loss of contact with the satellite raised concerns among engineers.

• make contact · iletişim kurmak The researcher tried to make contact with the local community.
• lose contact · iletişimi kaybetmek After moving abroad, she lost contact with many of her old friends.
• keep in contact with sb He keeps in contact with his former professor via email.
• make contact with sb The company will establish contact with suppliers next week.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kullanmak, faydalanmak

to employ something for a particular purpose or to benefit from it

She uses her phone to check the weather every morning.

• The teacher asked the students to use the dictionary during the exercise.
• Scientists use advanced microscopes to study cellular structures.
• In the workshop, participants learned how to use 3-D printing software effectively.
• Policy makers must use evidence-based research when drafting new regulations.

• use a tool · bir aracı kullanmak
• use resources wisely · kaynakları akıllıca kullanmak The project manager urged the team to use resources wisely.
• use sth to do sth He used the spare key to open the door.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tüketmek, harcamak

to expend or consume something, especially time, money, or energy

He used most of his allowance on video games last month.

• The factory uses large amounts of water in its production process.
• Students often use too much time on social media during study breaks.
• Researchers warned that the experiment could use up valuable resources if not managed carefully.
• Governments must use fiscal policies wisely to avoid exhausting public funds.

• use a lot of energy · çok enerji harcamak Running long distances uses a lot of energy.
• use up sth The children used up the chocolate quickly.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

farkındalık, bilinç

the state of being conscious of something; knowledge of a situation or fact

She showed great awareness of the audience's reactions during the presentation.

• The report highlights the need for greater environmental awareness in urban areas.
• His awareness of subtle social cues helped him navigate the complex meeting.
• Researchers measured participants' awareness of bias after the training session.
• The documentary sparked a nationwide discussion, raising awareness about climate change.

• raise awareness · farkındalık yaratmak The campaign aims to raise awareness about plastic pollution.
• awareness of · -nin farkındalığı She has a deep awareness of cultural differences.
• heightened awareness · artmış farkındalık
• public awareness · kamu farkındalığı Public awareness of the disease has grown thanks to media coverage.
• raise awareness of sth The school program seeks to increase awareness of mental health among students.
• a lack of awareness A lack of awareness about the policy led to many violations.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1ifade etmek, dile getirmek

to convey a thought, feeling, or idea in words or gestures

The teacher asked the student to express his ideas clearly.

• During the interview, she expressed confidence about the project.
• He expressed his disappointment when the results were announced.
• The poet expressed deep sorrow through vivid imagery in the poem.
• Researchers expressed concerns about the long-term effects of the new drug.

• express an opinion · görüşünü dile getirmek
• express gratitude · teşekkür duygusunu göstermek He expressed gratitude to his mentors.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2ekspres göndermek, hızlı göndermek

to send something quickly, often by a special service

I need to express this contract to the client before noon.

• She expressed the invitation to her friend using a courier service.
• Because of the deadline, they expressed the files by overnight courier.
• Expressing the samples ensured they arrived at the laboratory in time for analysis.

iletişim kurmak, haberleşmek

to exchange information, ideas, or feelings with others by speaking, writing, or using other methods

She communicates with her friends every day via text messages.

• The doctor communicated the test results to the patient clearly.
• During the meeting, the director communicated the company's new strategy to staff.
• Effective leaders must communicate complex ideas in a way that everyone understands.
• In cross-cultural research, scholars communicate nuanced concepts while navigating linguistic barriers.

• communicate effectively · etkili bir şekilde iletişim kurmak She always tries to communicate effectively with her team.
• communicate with · iletişim kurmak (kimle) He needs to communicate with his supervisor about the project.
• communicate clearly · açık bir şekilde iletişim kurmak The teacher communicated the instructions clearly to the students.
• communicate sth to sb The manager communicated the new policy to all employees.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

iletişim

the process of exchanging information, ideas, or feelings between people or groups.

Good communication helps students understand the lesson.

• The professor emphasized clear communication during the seminar.
• Misunderstandings often arise from poor communication in group projects.
• Advances in digital media have transformed global communication patterns.
• Effective intercultural communication requires awareness of both verbal and nonverbal cues.

• effective communication · etkili iletişim Effective communication is essential for successful teamwork.
• nonverbal communication · sözsüz iletişim She relied on nonverbal communication to convey her discomfort.
• communication skills · iletişim becerileri The workshop aims to improve students' communication skills.
• open communication · açık iletişim Open communication helps resolve conflicts quickly.
• communication between sth and sth Communication between the research team and the funding agency was frequent.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1almak, elde etmek

to get or be given something

I receive emails from my classmates every day.

• The museum will receive a new exhibition next month.
• She received a scholarship that covered her tuition fees.
• After the conference, the speaker received many questions from the audience.
• The research team received substantial funding from the national science foundation.

• receive a letter · bir mektup almak She received a letter from her professor yesterday.
• receive payment · ödeme almak The company will receive payment once the contract is signed.
• receive sth from sb She received a gift from her aunt.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kabul etmek, misafir etmek

to welcome or accept someone or something, especially a visitor or a proposal

The university will receive new students this September.

• He received a warm welcome from the committee members.
• The policy was received with enthusiasm by environmental activists worldwide.

• receive guests · misafirleri kabul etmek The host will receive guests at 7 p.m. for the dinner.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1alıcı

a device that receives radio or television signals and converts them into sound or picture

The TV stopped working because the receiver was damaged.

• She bought a new receiver to improve the sound quality of her home theater.
• A portable receiver can be used to listen to radio while traveling.
• Engineers tested the receiver's sensitivity under different weather conditions.
• The broadcast company upgraded all regional receivers to support high-definition transmission.

• satellite receiver · uydu alıcısı We installed a satellite receiver to watch foreign channels.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2ahize

a component in a telephone or other communication system that converts incoming electrical signals into audible sound

The telephone receiver was cracked after being dropped.

• Please hold the receiver steady while I speak.
• Modern smartphones have a virtual receiver that does not require a separate piece.
• The engineer calibrated the receiver to reduce background noise.
• During the interview, the candidate kept adjusting the receiver for better sound.

• pick up the receiver He picked up the receiver and answered the call.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

karıştırmak, şaşırtmak

to cause someone to be unable to think clearly or to understand something; to mix up two or more things so that they are not distinct.

The teacher's explanation confused many students during the lecture.

• She confused the two recipes and added too much salt to the soup.
• The complex diagram confused the researchers, leading to misinterpretation of data.
• Despite the clear instructions, the new software confused even experienced engineers.
• Political rhetoric often confuses voters, making it difficult to discern the true policy goals.

• confuse with · karıştırmak (bir şeyle) Students often confuse 'affect' with 'effect' in their essays.
• confuse sth with sth He confused the dates with the deadlines and missed the submission.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kafa karıştırıcı, anlaşılması zor

causing difficulty in understanding; not clear or easy to interpret

The directions on the box are confusing.

• Many tourists find the subway map confusing at first.
• The professor's explanation was so confusing that several students asked for clarification.
• Despite the detailed charts, the report remains confusing due to inconsistent terminology.
• The ambiguous wording of the contract rendered the legal obligations confusing for all parties involved.

• confusing instructions · kafa karıştırıcı talimatlar The manual contained confusing instructions that made assembly difficult.
• confusing message · kafa karıştırıcı mesaj She received a confusing message about the meeting time.
• be confusing to sb The new policy is confusing to many students.
• find sth confusing He finds the lecture confusing because of the fast pace.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kafası karışmış, şaşkın

feeling unable to think clearly or to understand something; lacking certainty.

She looked at the map and felt confused about the directions.

• The instructions were unclear, leaving many users confused.
• He was confused by the sudden change in the project's scope.
• Despite the teacher's effort, several students remained confused during the lesson.
• The ambiguous legal wording left the jurors profoundly confused, affecting the verdict.

• confused about · ... hakkında kafası karışmış She was confused about the new schedule.
• confused by · ... tarafından şaşkına dönmüş He felt confused by the complicated instructions.
• feel confused · şaşkın hissetmek I always feel confused when the lecture jumps between topics.
• be confused about sth The students are confused about the exam format.
• remain confused Even after the explanation, she remained confused.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1güvenmek, dayanmak

to rely on someone or something with confidence that they will act as expected or fulfill a promise

I trust my roommate to keep the apartment clean.

• Students trust their teachers to explain difficult concepts clearly.
• The investors trust the company's management to deliver profits.
• She trusts her instincts when choosing research topics.
• Even after the scandal, many citizens still trust the legal system.

• trust sb/sth to do sth I trust the committee to make the right decision.
• trust sb/sth with sth He trusted her with the confidential report.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2emanet etmek, teslim etmek

to place something under the care or control of someone, often legally, so that they manage it on your behalf

The couple trusted their savings to a well-known financial institution.

• Parents often trust their children's education to private schools.
• The artist trusted the gallery with the exhibition of his work.
• After the merger, the board trusted the new CEO with the company's future.
• The foundation trusts the committee with allocating grant money each year.

• trust sb with sth He trusted the lawyer with his estate.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1güven

the belief that someone or something is reliable, good, or honest

After the scandal, the public's trust in the government waned quickly.

• Building trust across cultural differences is essential for successful international collaborations.

• gain trust · güveni kazanmak She worked hard to gain the trust of her new colleagues.
• trust in · güven duymak The community placed its trust in the new mayor.
• put one's trust in sb/sth Many investors place their trust in established banks.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2yedieminlik, tröst, emanet fonu

a legal arrangement in which one party holds property for the benefit of another

The family created a trust to protect their assets.

• The trust deed outlines how the property will be managed.
• Legal experts advise reviewing the terms of a trust regularly.
• Complex tax implications often arise when establishing an international trust.

• establish a trust They established a trust to manage the charitable donations.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

güvensizlik, şüphe

the lack of confidence in someone or something; a feeling that someone cannot be relied upon

The manager's mistrust of the team's abilities lowered morale.

• Mistrust can spread quickly in a workplace after a single scandal.
• Historical mistrust between the two nations has hindered diplomatic progress.
• Overcoming deep-rooted mistrust requires transparent communication and consistent actions.

• mutual mistrust · karşılıklı güvensizlik Mutual mistrust made the negotiations impossible.
• a deep mistrust of sth He has a deep mistrust of banks.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1saygı göstermek, hürmet etmek

to show admiration or consideration for someone or something

Students should respect their teachers in the classroom.

• The committee respects the opinions of all members.
• She respects the tradition of holding a ceremony each year.
• Researchers must respect the confidentiality of participants when publishing data.
• International scholars respect the rigorous peer-review process as essential for scientific integrity.

2bir şeye riayet etmek, uymak

to obey or comply with a law, rule, or request

All employees must respect the company's code of conduct.

• The treaty requires each country to respect the agreed boundaries.
• Students should respect the deadline for their final projects.
• Researchers respect the ethical guidelines when conducting human studies.
• International agreements compel nations to respect the principles of non-intervention.

• respect the law · hukuka uymak Citizens are expected to respect the law at all times.
• respect the deadline · son teslim tarihine riayet etmek Please respect the deadline for submitting your manuscript.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

saygı, hürmet

a feeling of admiration toward someone or something that you consider important or worthy

He earned the respect of his classmates after helping them with the project.

• Respect is a core value taught in many schools worldwide.
• The manager demanded respect from all employees during meetings.
• Cultural differences can affect how respect is expressed in various societies.
• Scholars argue that respect for evidence is fundamental to scientific progress.

• mutual respect · karşılıklı saygı Mutual respect is essential for a healthy partnership.
• show respect · saygı göstermek You should always show respect to your teachers.
• have respect for sb/sth She has great respect for her mentor's experience.
• out of respect for sb Out of respect for the victims, the ceremony was kept brief.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

saygı duyulan

having or receiving admiration and esteem from others

The community views her as a respected elder.

• Many young scientists look up to her as a respected mentor.
• The court's decision was based on the respected legal precedent.
• Despite the controversy, the author remains a respected figure in literary circles.

• respected leader · saygı duyulan lider She is a respected leader in the field of environmental science.
• respected opinion · saygı duyulan görüş His respected opinion on the matter was taken into account by the committee.
• be respected by sb The professor is respected by her students for her rigorous research.
• a highly respected doctor She is a highly respected doctor.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

(on ile) bağlı olmak, güvenmek, dayanmak

to rely on someone or something for support, help, or the achievement of something

Children often depend on their parents for basic needs.

• The team's performance depends on how well they train together.
• Many economies depend on oil exports to sustain growth.
• Future research will depend on the availability of funding from private investors.
• In complex ecosystems, the survival of one species can depend on subtle changes in climate patterns.

• depend on · bağlı olmak, dayanmak She depends on her brother for financial advice.
• depend upon · bağlı olmak, dayanmak The success of the project depends upon careful planning.
• depend on sb/sth We depend on public transport to get to work.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1yansıtmak, geri yansıtmak

to throw back light, heat, or sound so that it can be seen or heard again

The lake reflects the sky on a calm day.

• Scientists use mirrors to reflect laser beams in experiments.
• The polished metal surface reflects sunlight, creating a bright glare.

• reflect light · ışığı yansıtmak The mirror reflects light onto the wall.
• reflect heat · ısıyı yansıtmak White roofs reflect heat more efficiently than dark ones.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2düşünmek, gözden geçirmek

to think carefully about something, especially in order to form an opinion or make a decision

After the meeting, she took a moment to reflect on the feedback.

• The diary helped him reflect on his personal growth over the year.
• Students are encouraged to reflect on their learning experiences regularly.
• Reflecting on past mistakes can guide better decision-making in the future.
• In the research paper, the author reflects on the implications of the findings for policy.

• reflect on · üzerinde düşünmek The professor asked the students to reflect on the lecture.
• reflect upon · düşünmek, gözden geçirmek She reflected upon the consequences of her actions.
• reflect on sth He reflected on the challenges he faced during the project.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

baskın, üstün

having power, influence, or control over others; being the most important or prevalent in a particular context

The new smartphone quickly became the dominant device among teenagers.

• In chess, controlling the center gives a player a dominant advantage.
• Researchers found that the dominant gene determines eye color in most cases.
• The dominant political party has shaped the country's policies for decades.
• Even after the merger, the original company's culture remained dominant throughout the organization.

• dominant position · baskın konum The company holds a dominant position in the European market.
• dominant trait · baskın özellik Height is a dominant trait in this family.
• dominant species · baskın tür The lion is the dominant species in the savanna ecosystem.
• be dominant in sth She is dominant in the field of quantum physics.
• remain dominant Despite new competitors, the brand remains dominant.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

egemen olmak, kontrol etmek

to have power and influence over someone or something, often making them obey or be controlled

The lion dominates its territory in the savanna.

• Large corporations often dominate small local businesses.
• His confident speech helped him dominate the debate stage.
• Advanced algorithms can dominate complex data analysis tasks.
• Historical empires that could dominate trade routes shaped global economics.

• dominate the conversation · konuşmayı tek taraflı yönlendirmek She tends to dominate the conversation during meetings.
• dominate the market Two companies dominate the market.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

yenilebilir

capable of being eaten without causing harm or illness

The berries on the bush are clearly edible and safe to eat.

• During the hike, they only ate edible roots they had identified earlier.
• Researchers are developing a protein bar made from entirely edible insects.
• The ancient manuscript described several edible seaweed varieties used in ceremonial feasts.

• edible fruit · yenilebilir meyve The garden produced plenty of edible fruit this summer.
• edible mushroom · yenilebilir mantar
• edible plant · yenilebilir bitki Many desert travelers rely on edible plants for sustenance.
• edible mushrooms Not all wild mushrooms are edible.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey