ODTÜ 501 Span 2

aşmak, geçmek

to go beyond a limit or standard

The temperature exceeded thirty degrees yesterday.

• Our sales this quarter exceeded the forecast by ten percent.
• The researcher argued that the data exceeded the reliability threshold required for publication.
• Despite stringent regulations, the company's emissions exceeded the permissible levels, prompting an international investigation.

• exceed the limit · sınırı aşmak The driver exceeded the speed limit and received a fine.
• exceed expectations · beklentileri aşmak Her presentation exceeded expectations and impressed the committee.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

fazla, aşırılık

the state of having more of something than is necessary or desirable

The recipe calls for a small amount of sugar, not excess.

• His excess of confidence made him ignore the warning signs.
• Despite the project's budget constraints, the team incurred excess costs due to unforeseen delays.
• Scholars argue that the excess of information in the digital age challenges traditional notions of knowledge acquisition.

• excess weight · aşırı kilo She was advised to lose excess weight before the surgery.
• excess baggage · fazla bagaj The airline charged a fee for excess baggage.
• in excess of The company spent in excess of $2 million on advertising last year.
• an excess of sth There was an excess of volunteers for the event.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1basmak, para basmak

to produce metal money by stamping a design onto it

The mint will coin a limited edition of silver dollars.

• Collectors love it when a country coins rare commemorative coins.

• coin money · para basmak The government plans to coin new money next year.
• coin a medal · madalya basmak The Olympic committee will coin a special medal for the event.
• coin a phrase He coined the phrase "digital detox".

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2(sözcük) türetmek, ortaya atmak, yaratmak

to invent or create a new word, phrase, or expression

The linguist coined a word to fill a gap in the language.

• During the debate, she coined a phrase that captured the audience's attention.
• Authors often coin terms to give their fictional worlds a unique flavor.
• In the field of technology, engineers regularly coin acronyms for complex systems.
• The cultural impact of a coined expression can be measured by its adoption across media platforms.

• coin a term · yeni bir terim yaratmak
• coin a phrase · yeni bir deyim uydurmak The journalist coined a catchy phrase that went viral.
• coin a term He coined the term in 1950.
• to coin a phrase To coin a phrase, time is money.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sürdürülebilir

capable of being maintained at a certain level or rate without depleting resources or causing long-term damage.

The city council adopted a sustainable waste-management plan last year.

• Renewable energy sources are essential for a sustainable future.
• Farmers are experimenting with sustainable irrigation techniques to conserve water.
• The company's sustainable business model attracted many environmentally conscious investors.
• Policymakers must consider social equity when designing sustainable urban infrastructure.

• sustainable development · sürdürülebilir kalkınma The United Nations promotes sustainable development to protect future generations.
• sustainable growth · sürdürülebilir büyüme Investors are looking for companies that can achieve sustainable growth over the long term.
• make sth sustainable Researchers are trying to make agriculture more sustainable by reducing water usage.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2çevreye duyarlı, ekolojik

relating to methods or practices that do not harm the environment and preserve natural resources.

He bought a sustainable water bottle instead of using disposable plastic ones.

• The community garden promotes sustainable food production for local residents.
• Choosing a sustainable travel option can reduce your carbon footprint.
• Students discussed the benefits of sustainable architecture in their design studio.
• Governments are incentivizing sustainable energy projects to meet climate goals.

• sustainable lifestyle · çevreye duyarlı yaşam tarzı Many young people are adopting a sustainable lifestyle by reducing plastic waste.
• sustainable fashion · çevreye duyarlı moda Sustainable fashion brands use organic cotton and recycled materials.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sürdürülemez

not able to be maintained at the current rate or level without causing severe problems

The town's water supply is unsustainable during the dry season.

• Many students find the workload unsustainable without proper time management.
• Unsustainable fishing practices threaten marine ecosystems worldwide.
• The government's fiscal policy has become increasingly unsustainable, raising concerns among economists.
• Researchers warn that the planet's climate trajectory is unsustainable unless immediate action is taken.

• unsustainable growth · sürdürülemez büyüme The company's unsustainable growth led to a financial crisis.
• unsustainable practices · sürdürülemez uygulamalar Unsustainable practices in agriculture are depleting soil nutrients.
• remain unsustainable If emissions are not reduced, the climate situation will remain unsustainable.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

refah, bolluk, gelişme

the state of being successful or thriving, especially in economic or social terms

The government introduced tax cuts to boost national prosperity.

• During the 1990s, many families enjoyed unprecedented prosperity in the city.
• Researchers study how education contributes to long-term prosperity.
• Despite the recession, some sectors maintained modest prosperity through innovation.
• The report argues that environmental sustainability is essential for lasting prosperity.

• economic prosperity · ekonomik refah The country's economic prosperity grew after the new trade agreements were signed.
• prosperity and stability · refah ve istikrar Investors look for markets that promise prosperity and stability.
• the prosperity of sth The prosperity of the region depends on sustainable agriculture.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

zengin, başarılı, refah içinde

successful and wealthy, especially in terms of finances or overall well-being

The small town became prosperous after the new factory opened.

• Her prosperous career in finance allowed her to travel the world.
• Investors are attracted to prosperous markets with stable growth rates.
• Despite challenges, the region remained prosperous due to diversified industries.
• Scholars argue that equitable education systems are essential for a prosperous society.

• prosperous economy · refah içinde bir ekonomi The country enjoys a prosperous economy thanks to its tech sector.
• prosperous business · başarılı bir işletme She runs a prosperous business that employs over fifty people.
• prosperous community · refah içinde bir topluluk Investments in education have created a prosperous community.
• a prosperous country It is a small but prosperous country.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

gelişmek, refah içinde yaşamak

to succeed or flourish, especially financially or materially

The new policies helped the local businesses prosper quickly.

• Many startups struggle at first, but those with strong leadership can prosper.
• After years of hardship, the community finally began to prosper.
• Investors are eager to see which sectors will prosper in the coming decade.
• Scholars argue that sustainable practices are essential for societies to prosper long-term.

• prosper economically · ekonomik olarak gelişmek The region began to prosper economically after the new trade agreement.
• prosper in a competitive market · rekabetçi bir piyasada gelişmek Only innovative firms can prosper in a competitive market.
• prosper from sth She prospered from her investments in renewable energy.
• prosper despite sth The small town prospered despite the economic downturn.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

azalma, tükenme

the reduction or exhaustion of a resource or supply

The drought caused a noticeable depletion of water in the reservoir.

• Scientists warn that deforestation accelerates the depletion of natural habitats.
• Economic analysts attribute the country's trade deficit to the depletion of foreign exchange reserves.
• The study highlights how unsustainable mining practices result in long-term depletion of mineral resources.
• Addressing climate change requires policies that prevent further depletion of the planet's carbon sinks.

• resource depletion · kaynak tükenmesi The rapid resource depletion threatens future generations.
• soil depletion · toprak tükenmesi Intensive farming has caused severe soil depletion in the region.
• depletion of reserves · rezervlerin tükenmesi The depletion of oil reserves forces countries to seek alternative energy.
• lead to the depletion of sth Overfishing can lead to depletion of marine fish stocks.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

azaltmak, tüketmek

to use up or reduce the amount of something, especially a resource or supply

The factory depletes the river's water each day.

• Overfishing has depleted the fish stocks in the lake.
• Excessive spending can deplete a family's savings quickly.
• The prolonged conflict depleted the nation's economic resources.
• Advanced algorithms may deplete computational power if not optimized.

• deplete resources · kaynakları tüketmek The mining operation will deplete local water resources.
• deplete reserves · rezervleri azaltmak Heavy usage can quickly deplete the battery reserves.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1neden olmak, yol açmak, tetiklemek

to cause something to happen or to bring about a particular state or condition

The loud noise can induce a startle response in animals.

• High temperatures often induce sweating in humans.
• The therapist used music to induce relaxation during the session.
• Researchers induced a mild fever in volunteers to test the vaccine's effectiveness.
• The policy changes may induce significant shifts in market behavior over the next decade.

• induce a reaction · reaksiyona neden olmak The chemical will induce a reaction when mixed with water.
• induce labor · doğumu başlatmak Doctors may induce labor to ensure a safe delivery.
• induce sb to do sth The advertisement tried to induce consumers to buy the new product.
• induce sth in sb The study induced anxiety in participants to measure stress responses.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2ikna etmek

to persuade someone to do something or to adopt a particular belief or course of action

The advertisement attempted to induce viewers to purchase the product.

• Scientists hope to induce public support for renewable energy projects.
• The charismatic leader managed to induce his followers to trust his vision.
• Negotiators tried to induce the opposing side to accept the compromise proposal.
• Effective storytelling can induce audiences to empathize with characters from diverse backgrounds.

• induce confidence · güveni artırmak The coach's speech was designed to induce confidence in the team.
• induce compliance · uyumu sağlamak Regulators aim to induce compliance with safety standards.
• induce sb to do sth The teacher tried to induce students to participate more actively in class.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1uğraş, meşgale, hobi

an activity that someone engages in regularly for enjoyment or personal development

She took up painting as a new pursuit during the summer.

• His main pursuit is learning foreign languages.
• Many students view research as a serious academic pursuit.

2takip, kovalamaca, iz sürme

the act of following or chasing someone or something in order to catch or observe them

The dog began its pursuit of the thrown ball.

• A sudden pursuit erupted after the robbery was reported.
• During the chase, the driver attempted to evade the police pursuit by taking side streets.
• International agencies coordinated a joint pursuit of cybercriminals targeting financial institutions.

• police pursuit · polis kovalamacası The police pursuit ended when the suspect abandoned his vehicle.
• high-speed pursuit · yüksek hızlı kovalamaca A high-speed pursuit through the city caused several traffic jams.
• in pursuit of sth The detective was in pursuit of the missing evidence.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1tek kullanımlık

designed to be used once and then thrown away

I bought a disposable cup for the office coffee break.

• The hotel supplies disposable toothbrushes for guests.
• During the hike we packed disposable plates to keep the campsite clean.
• Environmental groups criticize the widespread use of disposable plastics.
• Manufacturers are developing biodegradable alternatives to traditional disposable products.

• disposable cup · tek kullanımlık bardak She poured coffee into a disposable cup during the meeting.
• disposable razor · tek kullanımlık tıraş bıçağı Travelers often buy disposable razors for convenience.
• disposable diaper · tek kullanımlık bebek bezi The hospital provides disposable diapers for newborns.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2harcanabilir

referring to income that remains after taxes and necessary expenses and can be spent freely

After paying rent, they calculated their disposable income for the month.

• The report shows that disposable earnings rose by five percent last year.
• Students with scholarships often have limited disposable income for leisure.
• Economists use disposable income to assess consumer spending power.
• Policy changes that lower taxes can boost households' disposable income significantly.

• disposable income · harcanabilir gelir Their disposable income increased after the tax cut.
• disposable earnings · harcanabilir kazanç Students often rely on part-time jobs for disposable earnings.
• disposable income Families have less disposable income this year.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1(of ile) kurtulmak, atmak

to get rid of something; to throw away or discard it

He decided to dispose of the broken chair after the semester.

• The city council plans to dispose of hazardous chemicals safely.
• You should dispose of expired medicines at the pharmacy drop-off point.
• Environmental regulations force companies to dispose of industrial waste properly.
• Researchers developed a new method to dispose of plastic without harming marine life.

• dispose of waste · atığı atmak The factory must dispose of its waste responsibly.
• dispose of garbage · çöp atmak Residents are required to dispose of garbage in the designated bins.
• dispose of sth She disposed of the old magazines yesterday.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2düzenlemek, yerleştirmek

to arrange or place something in a particular order or position

The curator disposed the paintings on the gallery walls.

• Before the meeting, the assistant disposed the documents on the table.
• Scientists disposed the lab instruments to optimize the workflow.
• The event planner disposed the tables and chairs to maximize attendee comfort.
• In the research lab, the team disposed the sensitive equipment following strict safety protocols.

• dispose the equipment · ekipmanı yerleştirmek The technician will dispose the equipment before the experiment starts.
• dispose the chairs · sandalyaları düzenlemek Staff members disposed the chairs in rows for the graduation ceremony.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

atmak, elden çıkarmak

to throw away or get rid of something that is no longer wanted or useful

She discarded the torn notebook after the semester ended.

• The manager told the team to discard any irrelevant data before analysis.
• After the storm, many residents had to discard damaged furniture from their homes.
• Researchers discard hypotheses that are not supported by experimental results.
• In the recycling program, citizens are encouraged to discard plastics in the appropriate bins.

• discard the old · eskiyi atmak She decided to discard the old files from her computer.
• discard waste · atık atmak The factory must discard waste according to environmental regulations.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

gelişmek, evrimleşmek

to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form

Our company's marketing strategy evolved to include social media platforms.

• Scientists study how viruses evolve to become more resistant to treatments.
• Over centuries, the legal system has evolved to protect individual rights more effectively.
• Artificial intelligence continues to evolve, offering new possibilities for data analysis.

• evolve into · şekillenerek ... haline gelmek The small startup evolved into a multinational corporation.
• evolve over time · zaman içinde gelişmek Languages evolve over time as societies change.
• evolve from sth The species evolved from a common ancestor.
• evolve into sth The project evolved into a full-scale research program.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

istila etmek, zorla girmek

to enter a place, country, or area by force, especially in order to occupy it or cause damage

The troops moved quickly to invade the border town.

• Scientists warned that the invasive species could invade local ecosystems.
• Historical records show how empires repeatedly invaded each other's territories over centuries.
• The cyber-attack was designed to invade the network and extract confidential data.

• invade a country · bir ülkeyi işgal etmek The army decided to invade the neighboring country at dawn.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sürdürülebilirlik

the ability to maintain or continue a process, system, or state over time without depleting resources

The school introduced recycling bins to teach sustainability to students.

• Many businesses now report on their sustainability efforts each year.
• Researchers study sustainability to find ways to preserve natural resources.
• The conference highlighted the challenges of achieving global sustainability in the face of climate change.
• Policymakers must balance economic growth with environmental sustainability to meet long-term societal goals.

• environmental sustainability · çevresel sürdürülebilirlik The company adopted policies to improve environmental sustainability.
• economic sustainability · ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik Investors are concerned with the economic sustainability of the startup.
• ensure the sustainability of sth The board worked hard to ensure the sustainability of the research program.
• promote sustainability in sth The NGO aims to promote sustainability in urban planning.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1hasar görmek, maruz kalmak

to undergo or experience something harmful, especially damage or injury

The car sustained minor scratches after the minor collision.

• She sustained a concussion when she fell off the bike.
• The old bridge sustained damage during the flood last year.
• Researchers found that the ecosystem sustained significant loss of biodiversity after the fire.
• The company sustained considerable financial losses due to the unexpected market crash.

• sustain injuries · yaralanmak The athlete sustained serious injuries during the match.
• sustain damage · hasar görmek The storm sustained extensive damage to the coastal town.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2sürdürmek, devam ettirmek

to keep something going or maintain it over a period of time

She sustains her daily exercise routine despite a busy schedule.

• Local governments must sustain public services during economic downturns.
• Scientists are working to sustain biodiversity in the face of climate change.
• The nonprofit organization has successfully sustained community outreach for over a decade.

• sustain growth · büyümeyi sürdürmek The company has managed to sustain growth for five consecutive years.
• sustain development · gelişimi sürdürmek Policies are needed to sustain development in rural areas.
• sustain effort · çabayı sürdürmek Athletes must sustain effort throughout the marathon.
• sustain growth The company cannot sustain such rapid growth.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1önde gelen, tanınmış, önemli, göze çarpan

standing out so as to be easily seen or noticed; well known or important in a particular field

The scientist became prominent after publishing her breakthrough study.

• The museum's prominent exhibit attracted visitors from around the world.
• During the conference, a prominent professor presented new data on renewable energy.
• The policy's prominent emphasis on equity sparked extensive debate among scholars.

• prominent role · önemli rol She played a prominent role in the negotiations.
• prominent figure · göze çarpan kişi He is a prominent figure in contemporary art.
• prominent feature · belirgin özellik The most prominent feature of the theory is its emphasis on sustainability.
• be prominent in sth She is prominent in the field of molecular biology.
• a prominent figure She is a prominent figure in politics.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2belirgin, öne çıkan

projecting outward or sticking out so as to be easily seen; clearly noticeable in shape or position

The child's prominent ears were the subject of many jokes.

• A prominent scar ran across his cheek after the accident.
• The map shows a prominent hill that dominates the landscape.
• Radiologists often look for a prominent mass when interpreting scans.
• Architects designed the building with a prominent façade to stand out in the skyline.

• prominent nose · belirgin burun He has a prominent nose that makes his profile distinctive.
• prominent teeth · öne çıkan dişler The dentist noted her prominent teeth during the examination.
• prominent ridge · belirgin sırt The mountain range features a prominent ridge that hikers follow.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

önem, belirginlik, öne çıkma

the state of being important, noticeable, or conspicuous

The actor's role gave him some prominence in the movie.

• Her artwork achieved prominence at the local gallery exhibition.
• The company's prominence in renewable energy attracts many investors.
• Despite initial doubts, the theory gained prominence and reshaped the discipline.
• Historical events that once seemed minor can later acquire great prominence in scholarly discourse.

• prominence in the field · alanında öne çıkma Her research earned her prominence in the field of genetics.
• gain prominence · öne çıkmak, önem kazanmak The issue gained prominence after the recent protests.
• rise to prominence The activist rose to prominence after speaking at the international conference.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

dezavantaj, olumsuz yön

a feature or circumstance that makes something less desirable or useful

The new phone offers many features, but its short battery life is a drawback.

• One drawback of the plan is that it requires a large upfront investment.
• Students often overlook the drawback of relying solely on online resources.
• While the technology is innovative, a major drawback lies in its limited compatibility with older devices.
• Policy analysts warned that the drawback of the regulation could be reduced competitiveness in the global market.

• major drawback · büyük dezavantaj The major drawback of the new system is its high cost.
• drawback of · ...nin dezavantajı One drawback of remote work is the feeling of isolation.
• a drawback to sth The main drawback to using this software is its steep learning curve.
• have a drawback The plan has one major drawback.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

işlem (para)

a piece of business, especially buying or selling something

You can check all your transactions online.

• The bank charges a fee for each transaction.

1olası sonuç, etki

a possible effect or consequence that follows from something else

His remarks have serious implications for the upcoming election.

• The court considered the implication of the new law on civil liberties.
• Understanding the implication of quantum entanglement requires advanced mathematical tools.

• have implications for · şunun için sonuçları olmak The new policy has implications for small businesses.
• far-reaching implications · geniş kapsamlı sonuçlar The discovery carries far-reaching implications for climate research.
• the implications of sth We discussed the implications of the decision.
• implication that … There is an implication that the company will cut jobs.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2ima, örtük anlam

something that is suggested or hinted at without being directly expressed

Her smile carried an implication of sarcasm.

• The contract contains an implication that the supplier will meet deadlines.
• Readers often miss the subtle implication hidden in the author's prose.
• During the debate, the candidate's implication that taxes would rise caused concern.
• Analyzing the implication of the metaphor reveals deeper cultural attitudes.

• underlying implication · temel ima The underlying implication of his tone was disappointment.
• by implication The report implies that the market will recover soon.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1(to ile) kesin, kaçınılmaz

certain to happen; inevitable

If you ignore the warning signs, failure is bound to follow.

• The ancient prophecy said the kingdom was bound to fall.
• His stubbornness made the conflict bound to erupt soon.
• Scientists argue that climate change is bound to intensify without intervention.

• bound to happen · olması kaçınılmaz The collapse of the bridge was bound to happen after years of neglect.
• be bound to do sth She is bound to succeed if she keeps working hard.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2bağlı, zorunlu

required or obligated to do something; having a duty or commitment

Students are bound to follow the university's academic integrity policy.

• She felt bound to help her friend after the accident.
• The volunteers are bound to work at least ten hours per week.
• Because of the treaty, the nation is bound to reduce carbon emissions.

• bound by contract · sözleşmeyle bağlı The company is bound by contract to deliver the goods within thirty days.
• bound to obey · itaat etmek zorunda All citizens are bound to obey the new traffic regulations.
• be bound to do sth You are bound to follow the rules.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3sınırlı, kısıtlı

restricted within limits; not free to move or act beyond a certain point

His creativity felt bound by the strict guidelines of the project.

• Molecules are bound within the crystal lattice at low temperatures.
• Researchers discovered that the protein is bound within a complex cellular structure.

• bound by limits · sınırlara bağlı The robot's movement is bound by limits set in its programming.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kucaklamak

to hold someone closely in one's arms, especially as a sign of affection

She embraced her sister tightly when they reunited.

• After the ceremony, the couple embraced amid applause.
• The refugees embraced each other, sharing hope despite hardship.

2benimsemek

to accept or adopt an idea, belief, or practice willingly

She decided to embrace the opportunity and apply for the scholarship.

• Many students embrace online learning as a flexible alternative.
• The community embraced the new recycling program with enthusiasm.
• Researchers encourage societies to embrace sustainable practices for future generations.
• By embracing interdisciplinary approaches, scholars can solve complex problems more effectively.

• embrace change · değişimi benimsemek The company decided to embrace change and update its policies.
• embrace diversity · çeşitliliği benimsemek Universities should embrace diversity to enrich the learning environment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

öngörmek, tahmin etmek

to say or predict that something will happen in the future

The fortune-teller said she could foretell the winner of the contest.

• Scientists often foretell climate trends based on current data.
• Historians sometimes foretell how past events will influence future societies.
• Economists foretell market fluctuations by analyzing global economic indicators.
• Philosophers debate whether any human can truly foretell the consequences of their actions.

• foretell the future · geleceği öngörmek The oracle claimed she could foretell the future.
• foretell a storm · fırtınayı öngörmek Meteorologists can foretell a storm several days in advance.
• foretell sth No one can foretell the future.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

temel, esas, vazgeçilmez

relating to the basic principles or underlying basis of something

Good nutrition is fundamental for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• Respect for human dignity is a fundamental value in international law.
• The researcher argued that reproducibility is fundamental to scientific credibility.
• The teacher explained the fundamental concepts of algebra to the class.

• fundamental principle · temel ilke The law of supply and demand is a fundamental principle in economics.
• fundamental rights · temel haklar Freedom of speech is considered one of the fundamental rights in a democracy.
• be fundamental to sth Critical thinking is fundamental to effective problem solving.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1eğilimli, meyilli

having a tendency or preference toward something; likely to do something

She is inclined to help anyone who asks for assistance.

• The manager seemed inclined to approve the project after the presentation.
• Many students are inclined toward studying abroad for broader experiences.
• Despite the evidence, the jury was not inclined to change their initial verdict.
• Researchers inclined to explore interdisciplinary methods often produce innovative results.

• inclined to · eğilimli She is inclined to accept the offer despite the risks.
• inclined toward · eğilimli He feels inclined toward a career in research.
• be inclined to do sth They were inclined to believe the explanation given by the professor.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2eğik, eğimli

having a sloping or tilted position; not vertical or horizontal

The road became inclined as it approached the hill.

• The garden bed was inclined to improve drainage after heavy rain.
• Engineers designed the track with an inclined section to test vehicle stability.
• During the experiment, the inclined platform caused the liquid to flow faster than on a flat surface.
• Architects often incorporate inclined elements to create dynamic visual effects in modern buildings.

• inclined surface · eğik yüzey The inclined surface of the ramp made it easier for wheelchair users.
• inclined plane · eğimli düzlem An inclined plane is a simple machine that reduces the effort needed to lift objects.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1eğilim, yönelim

a person's natural tendency or preference toward something

She felt an inclination to help the new student.

• His inclination for adventure led him to travel abroad.
• The committee's inclination toward conservative policies surprised many members.
• Despite his inclination to relax, he stayed up late to finish the project.
• Researchers noted a cultural inclination for collectivist behavior in the region.

• strong inclination · güçlü eğilim She has a strong inclination to study linguistics.
• have an inclination to do sth They have an inclination to procrastinate when deadlines approach.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2eğim, meyil

the degree to which a surface or line deviates from the horizontal or vertical

The road's inclination made the truck's engine work harder.

• Architects considered the building's inclination to improve rainwater runoff.
• Geologists recorded the inclination of the rock layers during the field study.
• The pilot corrected the aircraft's inclination after encountering turbulence.
• Advanced robotics use sensors to continuously monitor the inclination of moving parts.

• steep inclination · dik eğim The mountain trail has a steep inclination that challenges hikers.
• inclination angle · eğim açısı Engineers measured the inclination angle of the roof to ensure proper drainage.
• the inclination of sth Scientists measured the inclination of the tectonic plate using GPS data.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1tersine çevirmek

to change something, such as a decision or process, so that it becomes the opposite of what it was

The new manager reversed the old policy.

• She reversed the order of the slides before the presentation.
• The committee reversed the earlier ruling after public outcry.
• Researchers are trying to reverse the damage caused by deforestation.
• Legislation was introduced to reverse the rising costs of healthcare.

• reverse the decision · kararı iptal etmek The board decided to reverse the decision after new evidence emerged.
• reverse the flow · akışı tersine çevirmek Engineers designed a system to reverse the flow of water during floods.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2geriye doğru hareket etmek

to move backward or cause something to move backward

He reversed the car into the parking space.

• The train reversed after missing the station.
• She reversed the motion of the robot arm during the test.
• During the drill, the soldiers reversed their formation to face the opposite side.

tersine dönüş, iptal

the act or process of turning something around or changing it to the opposite direction or condition

The sudden reversal of the decision surprised everyone in the meeting.

• After months of decline, the company's profits experienced a reversal last quarter.
• Scientists observed a reversal in the magnetic field of the planet over centuries.
• The court's reversal of the earlier ruling set a precedent for future cases.
• Economic analysts warned that a reversal in consumer confidence could trigger a recession.
• The board voted for a reversal of the earlier policy on remote work.
• A reversal of the previous decision was announced after public outcry.
• The reversal of the ban allowed the protest to continue peacefully.
• Legal scholars argue that a reversal of this precedent could reshape future jurisprudence.
• International relations experts warn that a reversal of the treaty could destabilize the region.

• policy reversal · politika değişikliği The government announced a sudden policy reversal on tax cuts.
• complete reversal · tam tersine dönüş The team's fortunes saw a complete reversal after the new coach arrived.
• judicial reversal · hukuki karar değişikliği The appellate court issued a judicial reversal of the lower court's verdict.
• reversal of a ruling · kararın iptali The reversal of the ruling caused widespread debate among legal scholars.
• a reversal of sth The new evidence led to a reversal of the verdict.
• lead to a reversal of sth New evidence may lead to a reversal of the original judgment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1çift taraflı, iki yönlü

able to be used or worn with either side facing out

She bought a reversible jacket that can be worn inside out.

• A reversible jacket can be worn with either side facing out.

• reversible gear · çift yönlü vites The bike is equipped with a reversible gear for both forward and backward motion.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2geri döndürülebilir, tersine çevrilebilir, telafisi mümkün

able to be changed back to a previous state or condition

You can make a reversible decision about joining the club until the semester ends.

• The software includes a reversible feature that lets users undo changes.
• Researchers designed a reversible catalyst that can be regenerated after use.
• In legal terms, a reversible judgment can be appealed and potentially overturned.

• reversible decision · geri alınabilir karar She made a reversible decision about the project timeline.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

geri döndürülemez

unable to be undone or altered; not capable of being reversed

The scientist warned that the contamination could be irreversible.

• After the surgery, the patient faced irreversible loss of function.
• Climate change may lead to irreversible changes in Arctic ecosystems.
• The court ruled that the contract termination was irreversible under the law.
• Researchers are studying whether certain genetic mutations are truly irreversible.

• irreversible damage · geri döndürülemez zarar The earthquake caused irreversible damage to the historic building.
• irreversible decision · geri döndürülemez karar Choosing to quit the program was an irreversible decision for her.
• irreversible damage Smoking can cause irreversible damage.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

saklamak, vermekten kaçınmak

to keep something back or refuse to give it, especially information, permission, or money

The teacher will withhold the test results until all papers are graded.

• She decided to withhold her opinion during the meeting to avoid conflict.
• The company chose to withhold the financial statements until the audit was complete.
• Government officials often withhold critical data to protect national security interests.
• Ethical scholars argue that withholding evidence in a legal case undermines the integrity of the judicial system.

• withhold information · bilgi saklamak The agency decided to withhold information about the investigation.
• withhold consent · onay vermekten kaçınmak She chose to withhold consent until the contract was revised.
• withhold payment · ödemeyi tutmak The client will withhold payment until the project meets the specifications.
• withhold sth from sb He withheld information from the police.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

açıklamak, ifşa etmek

to give information to people, especially something that was secret

The company refused to disclose the price.

• She did not disclose her identity.

açıklama, ifşa

the act of making something known that was secret

The disclosure of the documents caused a scandal.

• Companies must make full disclosure of their profits.

ayrıcalıklı

having special rights, advantages, or immunities that are not available to others

The scholarship gave him a privileged place in the university.

• Many argue that the wealthy enjoy a privileged lifestyle.
• Because of his privileged upbringing, he rarely worries about money.
• The policy grants privileged access to researchers who meet strict criteria.

• privileged background · ayrıcalıklı geçmiş She comes from a privileged background and attended elite schools.
• privileged position · ayrıcalıklı konum His privileged position in the company allowed him to influence decisions.
• privileged access · ayrıcalıklı erişim Researchers were given privileged access to the confidential data.
• be privileged to do sth I am privileged to work with such talented colleagues.
• a privileged background She comes from a privileged background.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

ayrıcalık

a special right or advantage granted to a particular person or group

Students in the program enjoy the privilege of free tutoring sessions.

• Having a private car is considered a privilege in many crowded cities.
• The new policy gives employees the privilege to work from home two days a week.
• She felt that her cultural background gave her a privilege in the artistic community.
• Critics argue that economic privilege can perpetuate social inequality across generations.

• enjoy a privilege · bir ayrıcalıktan yararlanmak She enjoys the privilege of a flexible work schedule.
• privilege of · ... ayrıcalığı The privilege of voting is granted to citizens over 18.
• be privileged to do sth He was privileged to meet the Nobel laureate.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1taahhüt, söz, bağlayıcı anlaşma

a pledge or promise to do something, especially a formal or binding agreement

She signed a contract as a clear commitment to the partnership.

• The university requires a written commitment from each student before enrollment.

• make a commitment · taahhüt etmek She made a commitment to finish the project by June.
• make a commitment to sth He made a commitment to the project.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2bağlılık, adanmışlık, kararlılık

the state of being dedicated to a cause, activity, or relationship

His commitment to the project never wavered, even after setbacks.

• The teacher admired the student's commitment to learning new languages.
• Commitment to personal growth is essential for career advancement.
• During the crisis, the community's commitment to mutual aid became evident.
• The research paper highlights the importance of commitment in achieving long-term scientific breakthroughs.

• strong commitment · güçlü bağlılık Her strong commitment to research earned her a prestigious grant.
• commitment level · bağlılık düzeyi The survey measured the commitment level of volunteers.
• a commitment to sth The activist showed commitment to environmental protection.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey