Bilkent Pre-Intermediate

yapabilen, yeterli

having the power, skill, or means to do something

She is able to read simple texts in English.

• Despite the rain, the hikers were still able to reach the summit.
• Researchers hope that this method will be able to improve diagnostic accuracy.
• Even with limited resources, the team proved they were able to produce high-quality results.

• able to · yapabilen She is able to solve complex equations quickly.
• fully able · tamamen yetkin He is fully able to manage the project on his own.
• be able to do sth They will be able to finish the report by Friday.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

yurt dışına, yurt dışında

to or in a foreign country; outside one's own nation

She has always dreamed of living abroad.

• The company sent a manager abroad to negotiate the contract.
• Studying abroad can broaden a student's perspective on global issues.
• After completing his degree, he secured a job abroad in a multinational firm.
• Policies encouraging citizens to work abroad aim to increase remittance inflows.

• study abroad · yurtdışında eğitim görmek She decided to study abroad for a semester.
• work abroad · yurtdışında çalışmak Many engineers choose to work abroad after graduation.
• go abroad He plans to go abroad next summer to improve his language skills.
• travel abroad The scholarship allows students to travel abroad for research.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

tamamen, kesinlikle

to a total degree; without any doubt or restriction

She absolutely loves the new campus library.

• The professor said the experiment was absolutely essential for the study.
• They were absolutely convinced that the theory would hold true.
• The committee absolutely rejected the proposal due to ethical concerns.
• In contemporary research, data must be absolutely reliable to support conclusions.

• absolutely certain · kesin olarak emin She was absolutely certain that she had locked the door.
• absolutely necessary · tamamen gerekli Water is absolutely necessary for human survival.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kabul etmek

to receive something offered or presented willingly

I accept the gift you gave me.

• The committee will accept the new regulations next month.
• She accepted the challenge and started training immediately.
• Despite the risks, the investors accepted the venture capital deal.
• The scientific community eventually accepted the theory after extensive testing.
• The journal will accept the manuscript if it meets the guidelines.
• He accepted that his earlier model was flawed.
• The conference accepted the abstract for oral presentation.
• After peer review, the article was finally accepted for publication.
• The committee accepted that the proposed methodology required revision.

• accept an invitation · daveti kabul etmek She gladly accepted the invitation to the conference.
• accept a proposal · teklifi kabul etmek The board decided to accept the proposal after a brief discussion.
• accept the hypothesis · hipotezi kabul etmek Researchers accepted the hypothesis after reviewing the data.
• accept the results · sonuçları kabul etmek The panel accepted the results of the experiment as conclusive.
• accept that … She accepted that the experiment needed more time.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

muhasebeci

a professional who records, classifies, and reports financial transactions for individuals or organizations

The accountant prepared the monthly financial statements for the company.

• After the audit, the accountant recommended several cost-saving measures.
• She consulted an accountant to understand the tax implications of her new investment.
• During the merger, the senior accountant coordinated the integration of accounting systems.
• The accountant's expertise was crucial in navigating the complex regulatory requirements.

• certified accountant · sertifikalı muhasebeci She is a certified accountant with ten years of experience.
• accountant's report · muhasebecinin raporu The accountant's report revealed several discrepancies in the budget.
• public accountant · kamu muhasebecisi A public accountant can help small businesses with tax filing.
• work as an accountant He decided to work as an accountant after graduating from university.
• hire an accountant Many startups hire an accountant to manage their finances.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

asit

a chemical substance that donates hydrogen ions (H⁺) in aqueous solution or accepts electron pairs

Citric acid gives lemons their sour taste.

• The laboratory stored the concentrated acid in a corrosion-resistant cabinet.
• Researchers are studying how acid deposition affects marine biodiversity.
• The teacher explained that an acid releases hydrogen ions in water.

• strong acid · güçlü asit Sulfuric acid is a strong acid used in industrial processes.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1aktif, hareketli, enerjik

showing or involving energetic activity; lively and vigorous.

The children played an active game during recess.

• She prefers an active job that keeps her moving.
• Researchers observed an active response from the immune system.
• The committee remained active throughout the lengthy negotiation process.
• Despite his age, the professor stays active by mentoring graduate students.

• active lifestyle · dinamik yaşam tarzı She maintains an active lifestyle by jogging every morning.
• active participant · etkin katılımcı He was an active participant in the classroom discussion.
• be active in sth She is active in community service projects.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2etkin, faal

engaged in or ready for action; taking part in something.

The organization encourages active participation from all members.

• Students showed active engagement during the workshop.
• Policy makers need active collaboration to address the crisis.
• The project required active monitoring to ensure quality standards.
• Active advocacy by NGOs helped shape the new environmental legislation.

• active involvement · faal katılım The study highlights the active involvement of students in research.
• active role · faal rol She played an active role in drafting the new policy.
• take an active part in sth Scientists take an active part in climate change mitigation efforts.
• have an active interest in sth He has an active interest in renewable energy technologies.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1etkinlik, faaliyet

a thing that a person or group does for enjoyment, work, or a particular purpose

The school announced a new activity for the science club.

• Students must submit a report on their group activity by Friday.
• Community centers offer a variety of recreational activities for families.
• Researchers measured the impact of digital activity on learning outcomes.

• social activity · sosyal etkinlik The university organizes many social activities for students.
• physical activity · fiziksel etkinlik Regular physical activity improves overall health.
• extracurricular activity · ders dışı etkinlik She joined several extracurricular activities during high school.
• engage in an activity He decided to engage in volunteer activity over the summer.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2radyoaktivite

the rate at which a quantity of radioactive material decays, expressed in disintegrations per unit time

The experiment required precise monitoring of the sample's activity.

• Radiation safety protocols depend on the activity of the material.
• A low activity reading suggests the isotope has decayed significantly.
• Advanced detectors can quantify activity down to a few becquerels.
• Understanding activity variations is crucial for nuclear waste management.

• activity level · aktivite seviyesi Higher activity levels indicate a more unstable isotope.
• measure the activity of sth Scientists measured the activity of uranium-235 in the reactor.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kadın oyuncu, aktris

a female performer who acts in plays, movies, television shows, or other productions

The actress smiled as she walked onto the stage for the opening scene.

• During the interview, the actress talked about her preparation for the role.
• Critics praised the actress for delivering a nuanced performance in the film.
• The actress received a standing ovation after the final act of the play.
• In the documentary, the actress discusses the challenges of balancing fame and personal life.

• lead actress · başrol oyuncusu (kadın) She was cast as the lead actress in the new drama series.
• actress role · kadın oyuncunun rolü The actress role required intense emotional expression.
• young actress · genç kadın oyuncu The young actress won an award for her debut performance.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

aslında

in fact; used to emphasize that a statement is true or to correct a previous assumption

He actually liked the movie, despite the bad reviews.

• The teacher actually explained the concept clearly for the first time.
• Scientists actually discovered a new species in the remote forest.
• After months of debate, the committee actually approved the proposal.
• Although many doubted it, the team actually won the championship against all odds.

• actually true · gerçekte doğru The report turned out to be actually true.
• actually happened · gerçekte olmuş What actually happened was a minor misunderstanding.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

üstünlük, avantaj, yarar

a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position

Having a good résumé gives you an advantage in the job market.

• The new software provides an advantage over older versions.
• Students who read regularly enjoy an advantage in vocabulary acquisition.
• By analyzing the data carefully, the researchers gained a significant advantage in their study.
• Despite limited resources, the team leveraged its interdisciplinary expertise to secure a strategic advantage in the project.

• have an advantage · üstünlüğe sahip olmak She has an advantage because she speaks two languages.
• advantage over · üstünlük His experience gives him an advantage over other candidates.
• take advantage of · yararlanmak They took advantage of the low interest rates to buy a house.
• the advantage of sth The advantage of studying abroad is exposure to new cultures.
• advantage in sth She has a clear advantage in mathematics competitions.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1macera, heyecanlı yolculuk

an unusual or exciting experience, often involving travel or risk

The children read a story about a jungle adventure.

• Our weekend trip turned into a spontaneous adventure.
• He wrote a blog describing his mountain-climbing adventure.
• The company's expansion into Asia was an adventure fraught with challenges.
• Philosophers argue that life itself is an adventure requiring courage.

• go on an adventure · bir maceraya çıkmak They decided to go on an adventure in the Amazon rainforest.
• adventure sports · macera sporları Adventure sports like rock climbing attract many thrill-seekers.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tehlikeli girişim, riskli iş

a risky or daring undertaking that involves uncertainty

Starting a business is always an adventure.

• Launching a new product without market data is often considered an adventure.
• She described the merger as an adventure with high potential rewards.
• Policymakers warned that the policy shift could become an adventure for the economy.
• Critics argue that the company's aggressive expansion was more adventure than strategy.

• venture into an adventure · riskli bir girişime atılmak The startup decided to venture into an adventure by developing AI for healthcare.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

tanıtmak, reklam yapmak

to make a public announcement about a product, service, or event in order to attract customers or attention

The bakery advertises fresh bread every morning on the local radio.

• She advertised her freelance writing services on several online platforms.
• The university advertised a scholarship program to attract talented students.
• After the product launch, the company heavily advertised across multiple digital channels.

• advertise a product · bir ürünü tanıtmak
• advertise on TV · televizyonda reklam yapmak Many small businesses advertise on TV to reach a wider audience.
• advertise for a job · iş ilanı vermek
• advertise sth to sb They advertised the conference to international scholars.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

tavsiye, öneri

an opinion or recommendation offered as a guide to action or conduct

I asked my friend for advice about which book to read.

• The doctor gave me advice on how to improve my sleep habits.
• Many students seek career advice before choosing a major.
• Despite the expert advice, the company proceeded with the risky investment.
• Historical analyses often critique the political advice given to leaders during crises.

• give advice · tavsiye vermek The counselor gave useful advice about managing stress.
• give sb advice He always tries to give his younger brother good advice.
• take sb's advice After hearing the professor's advice, she changed her research topic.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

parası yetmek, gücü yetmek, (maddi olarak) karşılayabilmek

to have enough money or resources to be able to purchase or do something

I cannot afford a new car right now.

• They could afford a bigger house after the promotion.
• The company cannot afford to ignore the rising production costs any longer.
• Despite the economic downturn, the university managed to afford cutting-edge research facilities.

• afford to buy · satın alabilecek durumda olmak She can finally afford to buy a new laptop.
• afford a luxury · lüks bir şeyi karşılayabilmek Only the wealthy can afford such a luxury.
• can afford to do sth We can afford to travel abroad this summer.
• cannot afford to do sth He cannot afford to miss the deadline.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sonradan, daha sonra

at a later time; after something has happened

She finished her homework and went out afterwards.

• The conference ended, and the participants discussed the topics afterwards.
• The policy was implemented, and its effects were evaluated thoroughly afterwards.
• Despite the initial setbacks, the research team published their findings successfully afterwards.

• leave afterwards · sonradan ayrılmak She finished the meeting and left afterwards.
• arrive afterwards · sonradan varmak The train arrived afterwards due to a delay.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kabul etmek, aynı fikirde olmak

to accept a proposal, offer, or idea; to give consent or approval.

She agreed to help us with the project.

• The board agreed to the new budget after a short discussion.
• They agreed on the best route for the research expedition.
• After reviewing the evidence, the jury agreed with the prosecutor's recommendation.
• International leaders agreed to cooperate on climate-change mitigation strategies.

• agree to the terms · şartları kabul etmek The company agreed to the terms of the contract.
• agree on a plan · bir plan üzerinde anlaşmak We finally agreed on a plan for the weekend trip.
• agree to sth She agreed to the proposal without hesitation.
• agree with sth/sb He agrees with the committee's decision.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

uçak

a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings that transports people or cargo through the air

The airplane took off smoothly from the runway.

• He looked out the window and saw the airplane climbing above the clouds.
• Airlines often offer discounts on airplane tickets during holiday seasons.
• The engineering team designed a more fuel-efficient airplane wing for long-haul flights.
• Regulatory agencies are tightening safety standards for commercial airplanes to reduce accident risk.

• airplane ticket · uçak bileti She bought an airplane ticket for her trip to Berlin.
• airplane crash · uçak kazası The news reported an airplane crash in the mountains.
• airplane wing · uçak kanadı The mechanic inspected the airplane wing for cracks.
• board an airplane Passengers will board an airplane at gate 12 in ten minutes.
• fly on an airplane She prefers to fly on an airplane rather than take a train.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

albüm

a collection of recorded music tracks released as a single item

The singer announced a new album during the interview.

• Fans bought the album as soon as it became available online.
• Critics praised the album for its innovative sound and lyrical depth.
• Despite the heavy promotion, the album struggled to reach the top ten on the charts.
• In retrospect, the album is considered a turning point in the artist's career, influencing many later musicians.
• My grandmother keeps a photo album on the coffee table.
• Children love to look at the photo album of their grandparents.
• During the reunion, we all helped to organize the photo album by year.
• The museum displayed a historic photo album that documented the city's early development.
• Scholars use the photo album as primary evidence when researching social customs of the 1950s.

• release an album · bir albüm yayınlamak The band will release a new album next month.
• debut album · ilk albüm Her debut album topped the charts.
• sell an album · bir albüm satmak
• browse a photo album · bir fotoğraf albümüne göz atmak We spent the afternoon browsing the photo album from last summer.
• fill a photo album · bir fotoğraf albümünü doldurmak He plans to fill the photo album with pictures from his trip.
• release an album The artist decided to release an album after touring for two years.
• record an album They spent three months in the studio to record the album.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1alkol, içki

a liquid containing ethanol that is used as a beverage or for industrial purposes

Alcohol is not allowed in the stadium.

• The study examined how moderate alcohol intake affects heart health.
• In some cultures, refusing alcohol can be considered impolite.
• The laboratory stored pure alcohol in a sealed container for safety.
• Policy makers are debating stricter regulations on alcohol advertising to reduce youth consumption.

• alcohol consumption · alkol tüketimi Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to health problems.
• alcohol content · alkol oranı The wine has an alcohol content of twelve percent.
• alcohol abuse · alkol suistimali Alcohol abuse is a serious public-health issue.
• consume alcohol Many people choose to consume alcohol only on special occasions.
• be under the influence of alcohol He was arrested for driving while under the influence of alcohol.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2etanol, etil alkol

the chemical compound C₂H₅OH, commonly known as ethanol, used as a solvent, fuel, or in medical preparations

Ethanol, a type of alcohol, is produced by fermenting sugars in yeast.

• The researchers measured the rate at which alcohol evaporates from the surface.
• In the experiment, a small amount of alcohol was added to the reaction mixture.
• Industrial plants often use alcohol as a solvent for extracting essential oils.
• Regulatory agencies monitor the purity of alcohol used in pharmaceutical products.

• ethyl alcohol · etil alkol Ethyl alcohol is often used as a disinfectant in laboratories.
• alcohol solution · alkol çözeltisi The technician prepared a 70% alcohol solution for cleaning the equipment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

canlı, diri

having life; not dead.

The plant is still alive after weeks without water.

• Scientists proved that some bacteria can stay alive in extreme conditions.
• The documentary shows how coral reefs remain alive despite climate change.
• Philosophers debate what it truly means to be alive in a technologically advanced society.

• alive and well · sağ ve diri After the surgery, she was alive and well.
• keep sth alive The community works hard to keep the tradition alive.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

neredeyse

to a great extent, but not completely; nearly

I almost finished my homework before dinner.

• The train arrived almost on time, just a few minutes late.
• She almost forgot to bring her passport for the trip.
• Despite the heavy rain, the hikers almost reached the summit before sunset.
• The researchers almost proved the hypothesis, but a minor error in the data analysis prevented a definitive conclusion.

• almost finished · neredeyse bitmiş The project is almost finished after months of work.
• almost certainly · neredeyse kesinlikle She will almost certainly graduate with honors.
• almost never · neredeyse hiç He almost never drinks coffee in the afternoon.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

zaten, çoktan, şimdiden

before now or before a particular time; indicating that something has happened earlier than expected or mentioned.

I have already booked my flight for next month.

• The professor already explained the main concept in class.
• She already knew the answer before anyone else spoke.
• By the time the experiment started, the equipment was already calibrated and ready for use.

• already known · zaten bilinen The theory was already known to most scientists.
• already decided · zaten kararlaştırılmış The committee had already decided on the new policy.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

tamamen, bütün olarak

to a total extent; completely; in total

The exam was altogether easy for most students.

• He felt altogether confused after the lecture.
• The committee decided that the plan was altogether impractical.

• altogether different · tamamen farklı The two proposals are altogether different in approach.
• altogether new · tamamen yeni She presented an altogether new theory on climate change.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

şaşkın, hayret içinde

feeling great surprise or wonder about something

The child was amazed by the colorful fireworks display.

• She felt amazed when she read the unexpected news article.
• Tourists are often amazed by the breathtaking views from the mountain summit.
• The scientist was amazed at how quickly the new drug reduced symptoms in patients.
• Even seasoned critics were amazed by the director's innovative storytelling techniques.

• be amazed by · ... tarafından şaşkına dönmek She was amazed by the magician's tricks.
• amazed at · ... karşısında hayret içinde olmak He was amazed at the size of the ancient statue.
• be amazed at/by sb/sth We were amazed at the rapid progress of the project.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

hırs, büyük hedef

a strong desire to achieve success or a particular goal

She has great ambition and works hard every day.

• His ambition to become a doctor motivated him throughout university.
• The company's ambition for sustainable growth attracted many investors.
• Despite many setbacks, her ambition to publish a novel never faded.
• Ambition, when balanced with ethical considerations, can lead societies toward transformative progress.

• career ambition · mesleki hırs His career ambition drives him to pursue a PhD in physics.
• have an ambition to do sth They have ambition to expand their business internationally.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

ambulans

a vehicle equipped for transporting sick or injured people to a hospital

The child hurt his arm and needed an ambulance.

• After the accident, the driver waited for an ambulance to arrive.
• The paramedics in the ambulance performed CPR on the patient.
• Because of the severe injuries, the ambulance rushed the victim to the nearest trauma center.
• Despite heavy traffic, the ambulance navigated the city efficiently, ensuring the critical patient received timely care.

• call an ambulance · ambulans çağırmak She called an ambulance when her friend collapsed on the street.
• ambulance service · ambulans hizmeti The city upgraded its ambulance service to reduce response times.
• call an ambulance Please call an ambulance!

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

ayak bileği

the joint that connects the foot to the leg

He hurt his ankle while running in the park.

• The doctor examined her ankle and recommended rest.
• After the accident, his ankle swelled and turned purple.
• Athletes often wear ankle braces to prevent injuries during high-impact sports.
• Recent research suggests that early physiotherapy can significantly improve recovery outcomes for severe ankle fractures.

• ankle injury · ayak bileği yaralanması He suffered an ankle injury during the soccer match.
• sprained ankle · burkulmuş ayak bileği She twisted her foot and ended up with a sprained ankle.
• break an ankle The gymnast fell and broke her ankle during practice.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

rahatsız etmek, sinirlendirmek

to cause someone to feel slightly angry or irritated

The buzzing fly annoyed the teacher during the lecture.

• His constant jokes began to annoy the audience after a while.
• The repetitive notifications on his phone started to annoy him greatly.
• Despite the project's complexity, the minor delays did not annoy the senior researchers.

• be annoyed by sth He is annoyed by the traffic jam on his way to work.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

artık

used to indicate that a previous situation or habit no longer exists or is no longer true

I don't watch TV anymore because I prefer reading.

• She stopped going to the gym and doesn't exercise anymore.
• The old library closed last year, so students can't study there anymore.
• Despite the new policy, many employees still feel that the old benefits are not available anymore.

• not … any more I don't eat meat any more.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

özür dilemek, pişmanlık ifade etmek

to express regret for a fault or offense and to ask for forgiveness

She apologized after accidentally spilling coffee on his shirt.

• The manager apologized for the long waiting time at the restaurant.
• He apologized to the team for missing the deadline due to unforeseen issues.
• After the heated debate, the politician publicly apologized for his offensive remarks.
• Researchers apologized for the methodological oversight that compromised the study's initial findings.

• apologize for · için özür dilemek She apologized for being late to the meeting.
• apologize to · kişiye özür dilemek He apologized to his colleague for the mistake.
• apologize for sth/doing sth They apologized for the inconvenience caused by the delay.
• apologize to sb I sincerely apologize to everyone affected by the error.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1başvurmak, talepte bulunmak

to make a formal request, typically for a job, admission, or a grant

He applied for the internship last week.

• Students must apply for financial aid before the deadline.
• She applied for a patent to protect her invention.
• The applicant applied for a residency program at a top hospital.
• Many candidates applied for the scholarship, making the selection highly competitive.

• apply for a job · bir işe başvurmak
• apply for a visa · vize başvurusunda bulunmak They applied for a student visa before the semester started.
• apply for sth He applied for a research grant from the university.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2uygulamak, kullanmak

to put something into operation or use, especially a method, rule, or piece of knowledge

She applies the formula correctly in each experiment.

• The company applies strict safety standards in its factories.
• Teachers apply different strategies to help struggling students.
• Scientists applied advanced imaging techniques to study the cells.
• Policy makers must apply evidence-based research when drafting new regulations.

• apply a method · bir yöntemi uygulamak The researcher applied a new statistical method to the data.
• apply pressure · baskı uygulamak The doctor applied pressure to stop the bleeding.
• apply sth to sth She applied the theory to real-world problems.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3geçerli olmak, uygulanabilir olmak

to be relevant or appropriate to a particular situation or set of conditions

The theory applies to many natural phenomena.

• These guidelines apply to all undergraduate students.
• The discount applies only to purchases made online.
• Legal precedents apply to current cases in the court system.
• The same statistical model applies across different research fields, demonstrating its robustness.

• apply to sth The principle applies to every scientific experiment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1randevu, görüşme

a scheduled meeting between two or more people at a particular time and place

I called the clinic to set up an appointment for a check-up.

• Our appointment starts at nine o'clock, so please be ready.
• She missed her appointment and had to reschedule for the following week.
• The professor reminded the students to attend their appointments for the lab sessions.
• Despite the heavy traffic, he arrived early for his important appointment with the board.

• make an appointment · randevu ayarlamak She made an appointment with the dentist for next Monday.
• keep an appointment · randevuya uymak
• make an appointment with sb You should make an appointment with the doctor.
• cancel an appointment I had to cancel my appointment because of a sudden illness.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2görev, atama

the act of assigning someone to a position or job, or the position itself that has been assigned

The university announced the appointment of a new dean last Friday.

• After years of service, she finally received a senior appointment within the ministry.
• His appointment as ambassador was praised by the diplomatic community.
• The committee's appointment process was scrutinized for transparency and fairness.
• Critics argued that the appointment was politically motivated rather than merit-based.

• receive an appointment · görev almak She received an appointment as the new department head.
• political appointment · siyasi atama The president announced several political appointments yesterday.
• be appointed to sth He was appointed to the role of chief financial officer.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1bölge, semt, yöre

a particular geographical region or part of a larger place

The museum is located in the historic downtown area.

• Police increased patrols after a rise in crime in the neighborhood area.
• Scientists mapped the seismic activity across the entire coastal area.
• Urban planners are redesigning the traffic flow in the central business area.

• urban area · kentsel bölge The city council plans to improve public transport in the urban area.
• rural area · kırsal bölge She grew up in a quiet rural area surrounded by farms.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2alan

the extent of a two-dimensional surface measured in square units

The garden measures an area of 30 square meters.

• Engineers surveyed the site to determine the exact area for construction.
• The satellite images helped calculate the forest's total area after the fire.
• Researchers compared the habitat area of two endangered species to assess conservation needs.
• Advanced GIS software can model complex terrain and provide precise area calculations for large regions.

• total area · toplam alan The total area of the park is 15 hectares.
• the area of sth The area of the circle is calculated using the formula πr².

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kol

the upper limb of the human body extending from the shoulder to the hand

She lifted her arm to wave at the crowd.

• The doctor examined his arm for any swelling.
• During the experiment, the robot's arm moved precisely.
• Athletes often train their arm muscles to improve performance.
• The sculpture's intricate arm gestures convey a sense of tension.

• raise your arm · kollarını kaldırmak Please raise your arm when you answer the question.
• arm muscles · kol kasları She does exercises to strengthen her arm muscles.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2silah, silahlar

the weapons or military equipment of a country or group

International treaties aim to limit the spread of arms.

• Scientists study the impact of arms on regional stability.
• The museum displayed ancient arms from the medieval period.
• Policy makers debated the ethical implications of autonomous arms.

tutuklama

the act of detaining a person by legal authority, usually by the police, so that they are taken into custody

The police announced a sudden arrest in the downtown area.

• After the protest, several arrests were reported by the media.
• His arrest caused a heated debate among human-rights activists.
• The court reviewed the legality of the arrest during the hearing.
• International observers criticized the mass arrests as a violation of civil liberties.

• make an arrest · tutuklama yapmak The officer made an arrest after the suspect fled the scene.
• arrest warrant · tutuklama emri The judge issued an arrest warrant for the accused.
• be under arrest You are under arrest!

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1makale

a written composition on a specific topic, usually published in a journal or magazine

The student submitted an article for the university magazine.

• Her article on social media trends received many comments.
• The editor rejected the article because it lacked sufficient evidence.
• In the conference, several scholars presented articles on artificial intelligence.
• The peer-review process ensured that each article met the journal's standards.

• research article · araştırma makalesi The journal accepted her research article after peer review.
• review article · derleme makalesi He wrote a review article summarizing recent advances in nanotechnology.
• publish an article The professor plans to publish an article on climate change next year.
• write an article about sth She will write an article about renewable energy sources.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tanımlık, artikel

a word (such as a, an, the) that is used before a noun to indicate the type of reference being made

English learners often confuse the use of the article 'a' and 'the'.

• The teacher explained how to choose the correct article in a sentence.
• In the exercise, students must insert the appropriate article before each noun.
• Advanced learners study article omission in newspaper headlines.
• Linguists analyze how articles affect definiteness across different languages.

• definite article · belirli tanımlık The word 'the' is a definite article in English.
• indefinite article · belirsiz tanımlık Both 'a' and 'an' are indefinite articles.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3madde, eşya

a separate piece of writing, object, or item that is part of a larger whole

The museum displayed a rare article from the ancient collection.

• She wrapped the fragile article carefully before shipping it.
• The store catalog lists each article with a unique code.
• Researchers examined each article to determine its historical significance.
• During the auction, bidders competed fiercely for the most valuable article.

• article of clothing · giysi parçası She bought a new article of clothing for the party.
• article of faith · inanç maddesi The doctrine is considered an article of faith by the community.
• an article of sth He donated an article of furniture to the shelter.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sanatçı

a person who creates visual or performing art, such as paintings, sculptures, music, or dance

The child drew a picture and called herself an artist.

• She studied painting at university and became a professional artist.
• The city organized a street fair where local artists displayed their work.
• Critics praised the artist's innovative use of color in the recent exhibition.
• Despite financial challenges, the artist continued to produce thought-provoking installations.

• famous artist · ünlü sanatçı The museum displayed works by a famous artist from the 19th century.
• emerging artist · yeni çıkmış sanatçı The gallery hosts exhibitions for emerging artists each spring.
• artist's studio · sanatçının atölyesi She spent the afternoon cleaning her artist's studio.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sanat eseri

a work of visual art, such as a painting, sculpture, or photograph

The student submitted his artwork for the class project.

• She hung the new artwork on the living-room wall.
• Critics praised the bold colors used in the artwork at the exhibition.
• The museum's curator highlighted how the artwork reflects social change in the 21st century.
• Despite limited funding, the community center managed to acquire a striking piece of artwork that now draws visitors from across the region.

• contemporary artwork · çağdaş sanat eseri The gallery features a range of contemporary artwork from emerging artists.
• public artwork · kamu sanat eseri The city commissioned a large public artwork to celebrate its centennial.
• original artwork · orijinal sanat eseri Collectors are willing to pay a premium for original artwork rather than prints.
• display artwork The museum will display the artwork next month.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

uykuda, uyuyan

in a state of sleep; not awake

The child is asleep on the couch after a long day.

• During the storm, the dog stayed asleep and ignored the thunder.
• She was asleep when the phone rang, so she missed the call.
• Even after the loud fireworks, the baby remained peacefully asleep.
• Researchers observed that participants who were asleep for eight hours performed better on cognitive tests.

• deeply asleep · derin uyku halinde The baby was deeply asleep after the lullaby.
• sound asleep · tamamen uyuyan He fell sound asleep during the lecture.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey