Cambridge Pre A1 Starters

1bir (belirsiz tanımlık; sessiz harfle başlayan kelimeden önce)

used before a singular noun that has not been mentioned before, when the next word begins with a consonant sound

I have a brother and a sister.

• She is a teacher.

2her, başına (miktar, sıklık)

used to mean "each" or "every" when talking about prices, speeds or how often

I go to the gym three times a week.

• Apples are $2 a kilo.

hakkında, ... ile ilgili

indicating a relationship or connection to a subject or topic

She read a book about history for her class.

• The professor gave a lecture about climate change yesterday.
• They argued about the best method to solve the problem.
• Researchers published a paper about the effects of sleep deprivation on memory.

• about the issue · konuyla ilgili The committee discussed about the issue for two hours.
• about the results · sonuçlarla ilgili She wrote a report about the results of the experiment.
• think about sth/doing sth I often think about traveling to new countries.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1eklemek, toplamak

to join something to something else, increasing the total amount

Please add your name to the attendance sheet.

• The teacher asked us to add three more examples to the report.
• When you add the two fractions, you get a larger number.
• Researchers add new data to the database every month to keep it current.
• The committee decided to add a new clause to the policy after extensive debate.

• add a number · bir sayıyı eklemek Please add the number 5 to the total.
• add a comment · bir yorum eklemek She decided to add a comment to the article.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2artırmak, ek bir şey katmak

to make something larger or greater by adding something else

The professor's insights add depth to the discussion.

• Investing in renewable energy adds to the country's sustainability goals.
• Her experience adds a unique perspective to the project team.
• The additional funding adds significant support to the long-term study.
• By incorporating feedback, the author adds clarity to the complex argument.

• add value · değer katmak The new research adds value to the existing literature.
• add pressure · baskı artırmak The deadline adds pressure on the team to finish early.
• add to sth This feature adds to the overall usability of the software.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

öğleden sonra

the period of time between noon and evening, typically from about 12:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.

The class ends at noon, and the lab starts in the afternoon.

• She prefers to study in the afternoon when the library is quieter.
• After lunch, we took a short walk to enjoy the warm afternoon sun.
• The conference schedule includes a coffee break during the early afternoon.
• Researchers presented their findings during an extended afternoon session that lasted until dusk.

• in the afternoon · öğleden sonra We will meet in the afternoon to discuss the project.
• afternoon tea · öğleden sonra çayı She invited us for afternoon tea at the hotel lounge.
• spend the afternoon doing sth He spent the afternoon reading a novel by the window.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

tekrar, yine

one more time; another time

Can you say that again, please?

• I hope we meet again soon.

1yabancı, göçmen

a person who is not a citizen of the country in which they live

Many aliens arrived seeking better job opportunities.

• She was classified as an alien for tax purposes.
• The documentary highlighted the challenges faced by illegal aliens in the country.
• Policy makers debated how to integrate long-term alien residents into society.

• illegal alien · yasadışı göçmen The government detained several illegal aliens at the border.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2uzaylı, dünya dışı varlık

a being from another planet or galaxy, often imagined as having advanced technology

The novel describes a peaceful alien visiting Earth.

• A sudden flash in the sky made people think an alien ship had arrived.

• alien invasion · uzaylı istilası The movie depicts an alien invasion that threatens humanity.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

alfabe

a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order used to write a language

The teacher showed the children the alphabet on the board.

• He wrote each letter of the alphabet on a separate card.
• Researchers studied how children acquire the alphabet during early literacy development.
• The linguist argued that the alphabet influences cognitive processing of written language.

• learn the alphabet · alfabeyi öğrenmek Children learn the alphabet in their first year of school.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

bir (belirsiz tanımlık; sesli harfle başlayan kelimeden önce)

used instead of "a" when the next word begins with a vowel sound

I ate an apple.

• It takes an hour to get there.

1ve

used to join two words, phrases or sentences

I like tea and coffee.

• She opened the door and went in.

2(sonra) da, ve sonra

used to show that one thing happens after another

I got up and had a shower.

• Wait and see.

kızgın, öfkeli

feeling or showing strong displeasure or hostility

The child felt angry when his toy broke.

• She was angry because she missed the bus.
• His angry remarks upset everyone in the meeting.
• The protestors shouted angry slogans demanding justice.
• Despite the criticism, the scientist remained calm while others grew angry.

• angry at · kızgın (şuna) She was angry at the unfair decision.
• angry about · kızgın (şu konuda) He became angry about the delayed flight.
• be angry about sth They are angry about the new policy.
• get angry with sb She got angry with her teammate during the match.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

hayvan

a living organism that feeds on organic matter, typically able to move and respond to its environment

The zoo has a new animal that visitors can see today.

• Farmers rely on animals such as cows and chickens for food production.
• Biologists often tag wild animals to monitor their movements across habitats.
• The documentary highlighted how animal communication can be surprisingly complex.
• Ethical debates arise when scientific research involves using animals as test subjects.

• wild animal · vahşi hayvan The reserve protects many wild animals from poaching.
• animal behavior · hayvan davranışı Scientists analyze animal behavior to predict migration patterns.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

cevap, yanıt

a spoken or written reply to a question, request, or problem

The teacher asked a question and waited for an answer.

• After the exam, she wrote down her answer on the sheet.
• His answer surprised everyone because it was so detailed.
• The scientist's answer to the research problem involved a new methodology.
• Despite the complexity of the case, the lawyer provided a concise answer that satisfied the jury.

• give an answer · cevap vermek She gave an answer after thinking for a moment.
• quick answer · hızlı cevap His quick answer impressed the interviewers.
• the answer to sth The committee's answer to the proposal was positive.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

cevaplamak, yanıtlamak

to give a response to a question, request, or situation

She answered the teacher's question in class.

• He quickly answered the email from his supervisor.
• The student answered the quiz with all correct choices.
• During the interview, the candidate answered each question thoughtfully.
• The researcher answered the complex theoretical problem by proposing a new model.

• answer for sth You will have to answer for your actions.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

daire

a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a building

She signed the lease for a small apartment near campus.

• The landlord increased the rent for the two-bedroom apartment last month.
• After the renovation, the apartment felt brighter and more welcoming.
• Many students prefer sharing an apartment to reduce living costs.
• Urban planners are studying how high-rise apartments affect community interaction.

• rent an apartment · bir daire kiralamak She decided to rent an apartment near the university.
• apartment building · apartman binası The new apartment building on Main Street has a rooftop garden.
• spacious apartment · geniş daire They moved into a spacious apartment after their baby was born.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

elma

a round fruit with red, green, or yellow skin and a crisp, sweet flesh

She bought a fresh apple from the market.

• The teacher gave each student an apple for lunch.
• An apple a day keeps the doctor away, they say.
• He sliced the apple and added it to the salad for extra crunch.
• Researchers are studying the antioxidant properties of apples in various diets.

• apple orchard · elma bahçesi The farmer owns a large apple orchard in the countryside.
• apple pie · elmalı turta She baked an apple pie for the family gathering.
• eat an apple He decided to eat an apple as a healthy snack.
• pick apples Children love to pick apples during the harvest season.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kol

the upper limb of the human body extending from the shoulder to the hand

She lifted her arm to wave at the crowd.

• The doctor examined his arm for any swelling.
• During the experiment, the robot's arm moved precisely.
• Athletes often train their arm muscles to improve performance.
• The sculpture's intricate arm gestures convey a sense of tension.

• raise your arm · kollarını kaldırmak Please raise your arm when you answer the question.
• arm muscles · kol kasları She does exercises to strengthen her arm muscles.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2silah, silahlar

the weapons or military equipment of a country or group

International treaties aim to limit the spread of arms.

• Scientists study the impact of arms on regional stability.
• The museum displayed ancient arms from the medieval period.
• Policy makers debated the ethical implications of autonomous arms.

koltuk

a comfortable chair with side supports for the arms, typically used for sitting in a relaxed manner

She bought a new armchair for the living room last weekend.

• The old armchair in the corner creaks whenever someone sits down.
• After a long day, he relaxed in his armchair and read a novel.

• sit in an armchair She likes to sit in an armchair and read novels on rainy evenings.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sormak, istemek

to request information or an action from someone

Can you ask the teacher for the homework details?

• He asked his colleague to review the draft before submission.
• During the meeting, she asked several insightful questions about the data.
• The researcher asked participants to complete the questionnaire anonymously.
• In the negotiation, the diplomat asked the opposing side to consider a compromise that would benefit both parties.

• ask a question · soru sormak She raised her hand to ask a question during the lecture.
• ask for help · yardım istemek He didn't hesitate to ask for help when the project became difficult.
• ask sb for sth She asked the professor for clarification on the assignment.
• ask sb to do sth I asked my friend to pick up the package from the post office.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1-de, -da (yer)

used to show where something or someone is

She is at home now.

• Let's meet at the station.

2-de, -da (zaman)

used to show an exact time

The film starts at eight o'clock.

• I usually wake up at seven.

bebek

a very young child, especially one newly born

The baby slept peacefully in its crib.

• She changed the baby's diaper before the afternoon nap.
• The newborn baby cried loudly when the lights were turned off.
• Pediatricians recommend regular check-ups for a baby during the first year.
• Despite the chaotic schedule, the mother managed to balance her research and caring for her baby with remarkable resilience.

• baby steps · küçük adımlar Learning a new language requires baby steps.
• have a baby They plan to have a baby next year.
• raise a baby New parents often find it challenging to raise a baby.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

çanta, torba

a flexible container made of cloth, leather, plastic, or paper, used for carrying items

She slipped her laptop into a padded bag before the flight.

• The children lined up to receive a school bag on the first day.
• I forgot my gym bag at home and had to buy a new one.
• During the hike, the guide reminded everyone to keep their water bottles in a bag.
• The museum displayed an ancient leather bag recovered from a shipwreck.

• shopping bag · alışveriş çantası The store gave me a reusable shopping bag.
• bag of sth He carried a bag of groceries home from the market.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1top, küre, yuvarlak nesne

a round object, typically made of leather, rubber, or plastic, used in games and sports.

The soccer player kicked the ball into the net.

• Children often enjoy playing with a ball in the park.
• During the lesson, the teacher used a ball to demonstrate physics concepts.
• The athlete practiced dribbling the ball for hours before the tournament.
• Researchers analyzed the ball's trajectory to improve training methods.

• kick the ball · topu tekmelemek He kicked the ball across the field.
• ball game · top oyunu The children gathered to play a ball game after school.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2balo

a formal social gathering for dancing, typically held in the evening.

The invitation said to wear formal attire for the ball.

• She practiced her waltz steps before attending the ball.
• The historic ballroom was decorated beautifully for the annual ball.
• Critics noted how the ball reflected the social hierarchy of the era.
• The university organized a masquerade ball to raise funds for scholarships.

• go to a ball They decided to go to the charity ball together.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

balon

a flexible bag that can be filled with air or gas, often used for decoration or entertainment

She bought a red balloon for her daughter's birthday party.

• The balloon floated gently above the crowd during the parade.
• He tied a helium balloon to his wrist to keep it from drifting away.
• During the science fair, students demonstrated how to fill a balloon with static electricity.
• The artist used dozens of transparent balloons to create an immersive installation at the gallery.
• The balloon rose slowly as the burner heated the air inside.
• Spectators cheered when the colorful balloon drifted over the town.
• During the competition, pilots navigated their balloons through varying wind currents.
• The documentary highlighted the engineering challenges of designing safe, modern hot-air balloons.

• helium balloon · helyumlu balon The child received a bright helium balloon at the party.
• balloon animal · şişme hayvan şekli The clown twisted the balloon into a balloon animal for the kids.
• hot-air balloon ride · sıcak hava balonu turu We booked a hot-air balloon ride to watch the sunrise over the valley.
• balloon festival · balon festivali The annual balloon festival attracted thousands of tourists.
• blow up a balloon She inflated a balloon before tying it to the gift box.
• go up in a hot-air balloon We went up in a hot-air balloon.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

muz

a long curved fruit with a thick yellow skin

I eat a banana every morning.

• Monkeys love bananas.

beyzbol

a team sport played with a bat and ball on a diamond-shaped field, where two teams of nine players each try to score runs by hitting the ball and running around four bases.

He plays baseball with his friends after school.

• The local baseball team practices every Tuesday evening.
• Fans gathered at the stadium to watch the baseball match.
• She studied the rules of baseball before joining the club.
• The championship baseball tournament attracted teams from across the country.

• play baseball · beyzbol oynamak He likes to play baseball after school.
• baseball game · beyzbol maçı The baseball game was postponed due to rain.
• baseball season · beyzbol sezonu The baseball season starts in April.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

basketbol

a team sport in which two teams try to score points by throwing a ball through the opponent's elevated hoop

The children gathered at the park to play basketball after school.

• International basketball tournaments attract millions of viewers worldwide.

• play basketball · basketbol oynamak She plays basketball every Saturday with her friends.
• basketball court · basketbol sahası The school built a new basketball court last summer.
• basketball team · basketbol takımı Our university's basketball team won the regional championship.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1yarasa

a nocturnal flying mammal of the order Chiroptera

A bat flew silently over the lake at dusk.

• The cave was home to thousands of bats.
• Scientists tagged a bat to track its migration routes.
• During the night, a bat caught insects with remarkable speed.
• Conservationists are working to protect bat habitats from destruction.

• fruit bat · meyve yiyen yarasa The fruit bat feeds on mangoes at night.
• bat colony · yarasa kolonisi Researchers studied the bat colony in the cave.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2sopa, beyzbol sopası

a smooth wooden or metal club used in sports such as baseball and cricket to hit a ball

He bought a new bat for the upcoming baseball season.

• The coach instructed the players to choose a lightweight bat.
• She cracked the bat accidentally while practicing swings.
• During the game, the batter missed the ball with his bat.
• Professional athletes often customize their bats for better grip and balance.

• baseball bat · beyzbol sopası He swung the baseball bat with great force.
• bat swing · sopa sallama Her bat swing was smooth and powerful.
• hit sth with a bat The player hit the ball with a bat.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

küvet

a large container for holding water in which a person may bathe

I bought a new bathtub for the bathroom last weekend.

• The hotel room had a spacious bathtub with a view of the garden.
• She slipped on the wet floor while stepping out of the bathtub.
• After the marathon, the athlete soaked his sore muscles in a hot bathtub to aid recovery.
• Urban planners are now designing eco-friendly bathrooms that recycle water from the bathtub for toilet flushing.

• fill the bathtub · küveti doldurmak He filled the bathtub with warm water before his shower.
• clean the bathtub · küveti temizlemek Remember to clean the bathtub regularly to prevent soap scum.
• fill the bathtub She filled the bathtub with water and added a few drops of lavender oil.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

banyo

a room with a bath or shower, a washbasin and often a toilet

Our flat has two bathrooms.

• He is in the bathroom brushing his teeth.

1olmak

used to say who or what someone or something is, or to describe them

I am a student.

• The weather was lovely yesterday.

2bulunmak, olmak (yer)

used to say where someone or something is

My keys are on the table.

• Where were you last night?

plaj, kumsal, sahil

a pebbly or sandy shore of a sea, lake, or river

The children built sandcastles on the beach during their holiday.

• Tourists often take photos of the sunrise over the quiet beach.
• Local fishermen set their nets near the rocky part of the beach.
• Environmental groups are campaigning to protect the beach from erosion caused by climate change.
• Researchers conducted a study on microplastic pollution levels in the sediment of the remote beach.

• sandy beach · kumlu kumsal We spent the afternoon walking along the sandy beach.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1fasulye

the seed or pod of certain leguminous plants, used as food

I bought a bag of dried beans at the market.

• The recipe calls for one cup of cooked beans.
• She grew her own beans in the backyard garden.
• Scientists study bean genetics to improve crop yields.
• During the conference, the speaker used beans as a metaphor for diversity.

• baked beans · fırında pişmiş fasulye She served baked beans with toast for breakfast.
• green beans · yeşil fasulye The stir-fry contains fresh green beans and carrots.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2çekirdek, tohum

the seed of the coffee plant, roasted and ground to make coffee

He bought a sack of coffee beans for his espresso machine.

• The barista roasted the beans to a medium-dark level.
• Freshly ground coffee beans produce a stronger flavor.
• Researchers examined the chemical composition of different coffee beans.
• During the tasting session, participants noted the acidity of the Ethiopian beans.

• coffee bean · kahve çekirdeği The aroma of fresh coffee beans filled the kitchen.
• roasted coffee beans · kavrulmuş kahve çekirdekleri Roasted coffee beans are essential for a rich espresso.
• grind coffee beans She likes to grind coffee beans just before brewing.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

ayı

a large, heavy mammal with thick fur, a short tail, and a plant-based or omnivorous diet

A bear roamed across the forest trail near the campsite.

• The young bear learned to fish by watching its mother in the river.
• Scientists studied the bear's hibernation patterns during the winter months.
• Because of climate change, the polar bear's hunting grounds are shrinking rapidly.
• The interdisciplinary research project examined the ecological impact of bear predation on alpine ecosystems.

• polar bear · kutup ayısı The polar bear hunts seals on the Arctic ice.
• bear population · ayı nüfusu Conservationists are monitoring the bear population in the national park.
• bear habitat · ayı yaşam alanı Deforestation threatens the bear habitat in many regions.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

güzel, alımlı

pleasing to the senses or mind, especially in a visual way

The sunrise over the lake looked beautiful this morning.

• She wore a beautiful dress to the graduation ceremony.
• The novel contains beautiful descriptions of the countryside.
• Scientists praised the beautiful symmetry of the crystal structure in their paper.
• Despite the chaos, the orchestra produced a beautiful performance that moved the audience deeply.

• beautiful scenery · güzel manzara The hikers stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.
• beautiful smile · güzel gülümseme Her beautiful smile brightened the room.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1yatak, karyola

a piece of furniture with a mattress on which a person sleeps or rests

I bought a new bed for my bedroom last weekend.

• The child fell asleep quickly on the soft bed.
• After the surgery, the patient was advised to stay in bed for a few days.
• The hotel room featured a king-size bed with a plush mattress.
• Researchers studied how different mattress types affect sleep quality in a controlled bed environment.

• make the bed · yatağı düzeltmek She always makes the bed before leaving for work.
• bed linen · yatak çarşafları The hotel provides fresh bed linen every day.
• go to bed He decided to go to bed early after the long trip.
• stay in bed She stayed in bed all morning because she felt ill.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2yatak, nehir tabanı, tarh

the bottom of a river, lake, or sea; the ground on which plants are cultivated

Scientists measured the depth of the river bed to assess flood risk.

• The archaeologists discovered ancient tools embedded in the river bed.
• A well-maintained garden bed can improve soil drainage and plant health.
• Sediment accumulation in the ocean bed affects marine ecosystems worldwide.
• Geologists use sonar to map the complex topography of the continental bed.

• river bed · akarsu yatağı The flood altered the shape of the river bed dramatically.
• garden bed · bahçe yatağı She planted tomatoes in a raised garden bed.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

yatak odası

a room in a house used primarily for sleeping

The bedroom is small but clean.

• She painted the bedroom walls a light blue color.
• They installed a new carpet in the bedroom to reduce noise.
• During the renovation, the architect suggested expanding the bedroom to improve natural lighting.
• The novel's climax unfolds in the protagonist's dimly lit bedroom, symbolizing her inner turmoil.

• master bedroom · ana yatak odası The master bedroom has a balcony with a view.
• bedroom furniture · yatak odası mobilyaları She bought new bedroom furniture last weekend.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

arı

a black and yellow flying insect that makes honey and can sting

A bee landed on the flower.

• Bees are important for growing fruit.

arkasında, gerisinde

at the back of something; in a position later than or less advanced than something else

The cat hid behind the couch during the thunderstorm.

• Our house is located behind the old library on Maple Street.
• She felt embarrassed because she was behind her classmates in the math test.
• The company fell behind its competitors after the new regulation was introduced.
• Despite being behind the research timeline, the team managed to publish a high-impact paper.

• behind the scenes · sahne arkasında The director worked behind the scenes to shape the final cut.
• behind schedule · programın gerisinde The project is behind schedule and may miss the deadline.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

arasında

to be in the middle of two or more things, points, or periods

The cat is sleeping between the two chairs.

• There is a narrow path between the forest and the river.
• She felt caught between her duties and her personal desires.
• Scientists often find themselves between theory and experimental data when interpreting results.

• between two points · iki nokta arasında The road runs between two points on the map.
• between the lines · satır aralarında, gizli anlamı anlamak You have to read between the lines to understand his true intention.
• between sth and sth She chose between coffee and tea for breakfast.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1büyük

of considerable size, extent, or magnitude

The dog is big and friendly.

• He carried the big suitcase up the stairs.
• A big crowd gathered outside the concert hall.
• The company launched a big marketing campaign to increase sales.
• Scientists discovered a big discrepancy in the climate model predictions.

• big house · büyük ev They bought a big house on the outskirts of town.
• big city · büyük şehir New York is a big city with many opportunities.
• big on sth She is big on classical music.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2önemli

of great significance or importance

The new law addresses a big problem in traffic safety.

• His big contribution to the project was recognized by the team.
• The conference highlighted several big challenges facing the industry.
• Negotiators faced a big dilemma when trying to balance economic growth with environmental protection.
• Philosophers often debate the big questions about existence, consciousness, and morality.

• big issue · önemli sorun Climate change is a big issue that requires immediate action.
• big decision · önemli karar Choosing a university is a big decision for many students.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey