ODTÜ 202 Span 3

yaygın, geniş çapta

existing or happening over a large area or among many people

The rumor spread quickly and became widespread across the campus.

• Many students share a widespread concern about the rising tuition fees.
• Researchers documented a widespread decline in pollinator populations over the past decade.
• The government introduced measures to curb the widespread misuse of antibiotics in livestock farming.
• Even after extensive public education, misinformation about climate change remains widespread in certain media outlets.

• widespread disease · yaygın hastalık The outbreak of a widespread disease forced schools to close.
• widespread belief · yaygın inanç There is a widespread belief that the policy will improve the economy.
• widespread support The plan has widespread support.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

olmak, hâl almak

to undergo a change of state or condition; to turn into something else

She decided to study harder and soon became more confident in class.

• The small town became a popular tourist destination after the festival.
• When the market crashed, many investors became anxious about their savings.
• After months of training, the athlete finally became the national champion.
• The novel's themes became increasingly relevant as the political climate shifted.

• become aware of · farkına varmak She suddenly became aware of the noise outside.
• become evident · açıkça ortaya çıkmak The problem became evident after the test results were released.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

insanlar, halk

plural form of person; human beings in general or a specific group of individuals.

The city streets were filled with people during the festival.

• Many people enjoy reading books in their free time.
• Local people have preserved traditional crafts for generations.
• Researchers surveyed people who work from home about productivity.
• The policy aims to protect vulnerable people from economic hardship.

• people gather · insanlar toplanır People gather in the park every Sunday for a concert.
• people's rights · insan hakları The organization fights for people's rights worldwide.
• young people · genç insanlar Young people often lead social movements.
• people who do sth People who volunteer regularly feel more fulfilled.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1çocuk

a young human being below the age of puberty

The child played with a red ball in the park.

• A child can learn new words quickly when encouraged.
• The teacher praised the child's effort during the science project.
• During the festival, many children dressed in traditional costumes.
• Researchers examined how socioeconomic factors influence a child's cognitive development.

• young child · küçük çocuk The young child laughed at the colorful balloons.
• child welfare · çocuk refahı The government increased funding for child welfare programs.
• raise a child They decided to raise a child together after their marriage.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2evlat, çocuk

a person's offspring, especially a son or daughter

She announced that she is expecting her second child.

• The couple adopted a child from the orphanage.
• His child enjoys playing chess after school.
• Legal documents require the child's name to be listed clearly.
• Sociologists study how cultural values shape a child's identity formation.

• first child · ilk evlat Their first child was born in June.
• child support · çocuk nafakası He was ordered to pay child support after the divorce.
• have a child They hope to have a child within the next year.
• a child of sb He is a child of immigrants.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kural, yönetmelik

a rule or directive made and maintained by an authority

The new safety regulation requires helmets for all cyclists.

• Students must read the university regulation before enrolling in courses.
• The regulation was criticized for being too vague and difficult to enforce.
• International trade agreements often include regulation clauses to protect consumer rights.

• government regulation · devlet düzenlemesi The government regulation on emissions was tightened last year.
• regulation compliance · yönetmelik uyumu Companies must ensure regulation compliance to avoid fines.
• safety regulations Follow the safety regulations.
• subject to regulation All pharmaceutical products are subject to regulation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2düzenleme, kontrol

the act of controlling or managing something according to a set of rules

Effective regulation of water usage is crucial during droughts.

• Teachers discussed the regulation of classroom behavior during the meeting.
• The regulation of data privacy has become a major concern for tech companies.
• Researchers examined how regulation of gene expression influences development.

• market regulation · piyasa düzenlemesi Market regulation helps prevent monopolistic practices.
• regulation process · düzenleme süreci The regulation process can take several months to complete.
• the regulation of sth Regulation of smoking in public places has improved air quality.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1yapmak

to create or perform something; to bring into existence

I will make a sandwich for lunch.

• The teacher asked us to make a short presentation.
• She made a promise to finish the project on time.
• The committee will make a final decision after reviewing all reports.
• Innovative companies constantly make breakthroughs that reshape entire industries.

• make a decision · karar vermek She had to make a decision quickly.
• make a mistake · hata yapmak He made a mistake in his calculation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2üretmek, meydana getirmek

to cause something to exist or come into being, especially by a process or effort

The artist makes sculptures from recycled metal.

• Our team makes improvements to the software every month.
• The farm makes cheese using traditional methods.
• Scientists hope to make a breakthrough in renewable energy soon.
• The policy aims to make a substantial reduction in carbon emissions by 2030.

• make a profit · kar elde etmek The company managed to make a profit despite the recession.
• make progress · ilerleme kaydetmek Researchers are making progress on the new vaccine.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3sebep olmak, yol açmak

to cause something to happen or exist; to bring about a result

The loud noise made the baby cry.

• His careless remarks made the situation worse.
• The new policy will make it easier for students to apply for scholarships.
• Economic instability can make markets volatile and unpredictable.
• The discovery of the gene made researchers reconsider previous theories about the disease.

• make a difference · fark yaratmak Volunteering can make a difference in the community.
• make an impact · etki bırakmak Her speech made an impact on the audience.
• make sb do sth The noise made the baby cry.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1sakınmak, uzak durmak

to keep away from someone or something; to stay clear of

I avoid eating junk food to stay healthy.

• The driver tried to avoid the pothole on the road.
• Students often avoid plagiarism by citing sources correctly.
• During the debate, she skillfully avoided answering the controversial question.
• Researchers must avoid bias when designing experiments.

• avoid traffic · trafikten kaçınmak She left early to avoid traffic on the highway.
• avoid confrontation · çatışmadan kaçınmak He tends to avoid confrontation at work.
• avoid doing sth They avoid making the same mistake again.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2önlemek, engellemek

to keep something from happening; to stop something from occurring

Engineers design filters to avoid contamination of the water supply.

• The policy aims to avoid unnecessary expenses in the budget.
• Teachers use clear instructions to avoid misunderstandings among students.
• Regulators introduced stricter rules to avoid future financial crises.
• Scientists develop models to avoid catastrophic climate scenarios.

• avoid disease · hastalığı önlemek Vaccination helps to avoid disease outbreaks.
• avoid errors · hataları önlemek Proofreading the manuscript can avoid errors.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

yararlanmak, fayda sağlamak

to receive an advantage or to give an advantage to someone or something

The training will benefit all new employees.

• She hopes the grant will benefit her research project.
• Many people benefit from regular exercise and a balanced diet.
• The legislation is designed to benefit small businesses struggling in the current market.
• By adopting renewable energy sources, societies can benefit both economically and environmentally.

• benefit from · yararlanmak, fayda sağlamak She will benefit from the new scholarship program.
• benefit the community · topluma fayda sağlamak The new park will benefit the community by providing green space.
• benefit from sth Students can benefit from extra tutoring sessions.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

geçirmek, yaşamak, maruz kalmak

to experience or be subjected to something, especially a change or a process

The child will undergo a routine check-up at the clinic tomorrow.

• Many species undergo migration each year to find food and breeding grounds.
• The company had to undergo major reorganization after the merger.
• During the experiment, the material underwent a rapid temperature change that altered its properties.

• undergo surgery · ameliyat olmak She will undergo surgery next week to repair her torn ligament.
• undergo testing · testlere tabi olmak The new software must undergo extensive testing before release.
• undergo training · eğitime tabi olmak All new employees will undergo training on safety procedures.
• undergo surgery He underwent surgery last week.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sorun, güçlük

a situation, condition, or issue that is difficult to deal with or resolve

The broken pipe caused a problem for the residents.

• He explained the problem to his classmates during the meeting.
• Researchers identified a problem in the experimental design that needed correction.
• Despite the language barrier, the team managed to address the problem efficiently.
• The policy's unintended consequences created a complex problem for policymakers.

• serious problem · ciddi sorun The company faced a serious problem with its supply chain.
• solve a problem · bir sorunu çözmek Engineers are trying to solve a problem that affects the software.
• problem with sth She has a problem with her laptop's battery life.
• problem of sth The problem of climate change requires urgent action.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1değişim, dönüşüm

the act or process of becoming different; a modification or alteration

The city experienced a noticeable change after the new mayor took office.

• Students often feel anxiety during periods of change in their curriculum.
• Researchers documented the gradual change in the river's course over decades.
• Economic downturns can trigger widespread change in consumer behavior.
• Philosophers debate whether fundamental change is possible without losing identity.

• social change · toplumsal değişim The 1960s were a period of significant social change.
• climate change · iklim değişikliği Scientists warn that climate change will intensify extreme weather.
• rapid change · hızlı değişim Technology has brought rapid change to communication methods.
• undergo a change The company will undergo a major change next quarter.
• lead to change New policies may lead to change in the education system.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2bozuk para, para üstü

coins or small bills given in return for a larger denomination

I need a few dollars in change for the bus fare.

• She always carries a handful of coins in case she needs change.
• The shopkeeper counted the change carefully before handing it over.
• When the bill was paid, the server returned the change with a smile.
• Despite the large purchase, the receipt showed that the customer received exact change.

• make change · para üstü vermek The cashier will make change for your $20 bill.
• exact change · tam para Please bring exact change to the vending machine.
• give sb change Could you give me some change for the parking meter?

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1tanışmak

to come together for the first time and become acquainted

Maria met her roommate during orientation week.

• The researchers met each other at the symposium and exchanged ideas.

• meet for the first time · ilk kez tanışmak They will meet for the first time at the conference next week.
• meet online · çevrimiçi tanışmak Students can meet online using the university's platform.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2karşılaşmak, rastlamak

to come upon or experience something, often by chance

The team met several challenges while developing the prototype.

• She met an old friend while shopping downtown.
• Researchers often meet ethical dilemmas when conducting field studies.
• The project met unforeseen financial constraints that delayed its launch.

• meet a problem · bir sorunla karşılaşmak She met a problem when the software crashed.
• meet resistance · direnişle karşılaşmak The new policy met resistance from local businesses.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3karşılamak, yerine getirmek

to fulfill or satisfy a requirement, expectation, or demand

The student must meet the assignment requirements to pass.

• Our department met the university's research output targets last year.
• The proposal met the funding agency's expectations and was approved.
• Scientists strive to meet rigorous peer-review standards before publishing.

• meet the criteria · kriterleri karşılamak Applicants need to meet the criteria to be considered for the scholarship.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1gerekmek, ihtiyaç duymak

to require something because it is essential or very important

I need a pen to write this note.

• The plant needs water every day to stay healthy.
• Students need clear instructions before starting the lab.
• During the crisis, many families needed financial assistance quickly.
• Researchers need robust data to draw reliable conclusions in their studies.

• need help · yardıma ihtiyaç duymak She needs help with her homework.
• need to be · olması gerekir The report needs to be submitted by Friday.
• need to do sth You need to study harder to pass the exam.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2-mesi gerekmek, zorunda olmak

to be obliged or compelled to do something

You need to wear a mask in the laboratory.

• The committee needs to approve the proposal before it can proceed.
• Employees need to follow the company's code of conduct at all times.
• In order to publish, authors need to adhere to the journal's formatting guidelines.
• International scholars need to demonstrate proficiency in English for admission.

• need to comply · uygunluk sağlamak zorunda olmak All participants need to comply with the safety regulations.
• need to do sth Researchers need to obtain ethical approval before the study.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kıtlık, eksiklik, yetersizlik

the state of not having enough of something that is needed or wanted

The school reported a shortage of textbooks for the new semester.

• During the pandemic, many hospitals faced a shortage of personal protective equipment.
• Economists warn that a shortage of skilled workers could slow economic growth.
• The sudden increase in demand created a shortage of raw materials for factories.
• Policy makers are debating how to address the chronic shortage of affordable housing in urban areas.

• shortage of · ... eksikliği The region is experiencing a severe shortage of clean water.
• food shortage · gıda kıtlığı A prolonged drought has led to a food shortage across the country.
• labour shortage · iş gücü eksikliği The tech industry faces a labour shortage of skilled programmers.
• a shortage of sth There is a shortage of nurses.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

su

the clear, colorless liquid that forms rivers, lakes, and seas, and is essential for life

The glass of water on the table is half empty.

• Children love to splash in the water during summer vacations.
• Scientists measured the water temperature to study climate change effects.
• The engineer designed a system to recycle wastewater and reduce water consumption.
• Policy makers debated the allocation of scarce water resources across agricultural and urban sectors.

• drinking water · içme suyu The city provides clean drinking water to all residents.
• bottled water · şişelenmiş su She bought a case of bottled water for the hike.
• water supply · su temini The drought has strained the regional water supply.
• water pollution · su kirliliği Industrial waste contributes to water pollution in the river.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

enerji, güç

the capacity to do work or produce heat; the power that makes something happen

The athlete showed great energy during the competition.

• Scientists are researching new ways to store energy efficiently.
• His speech was full of energy, inspiring the audience.
• The building's energy efficiency was improved after the renovation.
• Understanding the quantum nature of energy remains a major challenge in modern physics.
• The lights were left on, wasting a lot of energy.
• She checked the energy meter to see how much electricity was used.
• During the storm, the energy supply was temporarily interrupted.
• Modern appliances are designed to consume less energy while maintaining performance.
• Policy makers are debating how to transition the country to clean energy sources.

• renewable energy · yenilenebilir enerji The government is investing heavily in renewable energy sources.
• energy consumption · enerji tüketimi Reducing energy consumption is essential for environmental sustainability.
• energy bill · elektrik faturası Our energy bill dropped after we installed solar panels.
• energy grid · enerji şebekesi The national energy grid was upgraded to prevent blackouts.
• have the energy to do sth She has enough energy to finish the marathon.
• save energy You can save energy by turning off lights when not needed.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1yiyecek, besin

any substance that can be eaten or drunk to provide nutritional support for an organism.

The children ate the food quickly after recess.

• She bought fresh food at the local market yesterday.
• During the hike, we packed lightweight food for the trail.
• The documentary examined how food production impacts the environment.
• Economists argue that food scarcity can trigger social unrest in vulnerable regions.

• healthy food · sağlıklı yiyecek She always chooses healthy food for her meals.
• fast food · hazır yiyecek Many teenagers prefer fast food after school.
• food for sth The research provides food for further investigation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2yemek, yemekler

a particular type of food, especially one that is prepared and served as a meal.

We tried the local food when we visited the city.

• The restaurant's menu offers a variety of food for all tastes.

• traditional food · geleneksel yemek The festival featured traditional food from the region.
• comfort food · rahatlatıcı yemek She turned to comfort food after the stressful exam.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

besleyici, yararlı

providing essential nutrients that promote health and growth

She chooses a nutritious breakfast to start her day well.

• The doctor recommended a more nutritious menu for the patient's recovery.
• Researchers found that children who eat nutritious meals perform better in school.
• Farmers are developing crops that are more nutritious and resistant to pests.
• Policy makers are encouraging schools to provide nutritious options to combat childhood obesity.

• nutritious diet · besleyici diyet She follows a nutritious diet to maintain her energy levels.
• nutritious food · besleyici yiyecek The school cafeteria serves nutritious food for the students.
• nutritious meal · besleyici öğün A nutritious meal should include vegetables, protein, and whole grains.
• a nutritious meal She cooked a nutritious meal.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

beslenme

the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth

Good nutrition helps you stay healthy and energetic.

• The school cafeteria provides balanced nutrition for students.
• Researchers study how nutrition affects brain development in children.
• A diet rich in fruits and vegetables improves overall nutrition and reduces disease risk.
• Policy makers are debating how to ensure equitable nutrition access across low-income communities.

• proper nutrition · uygun beslenme Proper nutrition is essential for children's development.
• nutrition facts · besin değerleri The label lists the nutrition facts for each serving.
• nutrition program · beslenme programı The university offers a nutrition program for dietetics students.
• improve one's nutrition She decided to improve her nutrition by eating more vegetables.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

beslenmeyle ilgili, besin değerine dair

relating to the provision of nutrients in food or diet; concerned with nutrition.

The school cafeteria provides meals with good nutritional value.

• She checked the nutritional information before choosing the snack.
• The government introduced new labeling rules to highlight nutritional content on processed foods.
• Despite its appealing taste, the dessert lacks sufficient nutritional benefits for long-term health.

• nutritional value · besin değeri The nutritional value of the meal was assessed by the dietitian.
• nutritional information · besin bilgisi Consumers read the nutritional information on the package before buying.
• nutritional supplement · besin takviyesi Athletes often take a nutritional supplement to improve performance.
• nutritional value Fast food has little nutritional value.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1değer, fiyat

the monetary worth of something; the amount of money for which it can be bought or sold

The car's value dropped after the accident.

• She checked the value of the antique at the auction house.
• Investors are concerned about the declining value of the currency.
• The professor explained how to calculate the present value of future cash flows.
• Despite market fluctuations, the company's brand value remains strong.

• market value · piyasa değeri The market value of the house increased after the renovation.
• intrinsic value · özdeğer Gold is often considered to have intrinsic value.
• the value of sth The value of the artwork was appraised at two million dollars.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2önem, kıymet

the importance, usefulness, or worth of something in a particular context

The research highlights the value of interdisciplinary collaboration.

• Parents often teach children the value of honesty.
• The report assesses the social value of public parks.
• Scholars debate the intrinsic value of art beyond its commercial price.
• Understanding the value of data privacy is essential in the digital age.

• high value · yüksek önem Education is of high value in modern societies.
• value in sth She finds great value in volunteering at the shelter.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3ilkeler, değerler

a set of moral or ethical principles that guide behavior

The curriculum emphasizes the development of ethical values.

• Politicians often appeal to shared national values during speeches.
• Students were asked to write an essay about their core values.
• The philosopher argued that universal values can be derived from reason.
• In multicultural societies, reconciling differing values can be challenging.

• core values · temel ilkeler The company's core values include integrity and innovation.
• personal values · kişisel değerler Her personal values influence every decision she makes.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1stok, kaynak, miktar

the amount of something that is available for use or consumption

The school library has a sufficient supply of textbooks for all students.

• During the drought, the town's water supply became critically low.
• Manufacturers rely on a reliable supply of components to meet deadlines.
• The emergency response team coordinated a rapid supply of medical equipment after the earthquake.
• Economic analysts warned that a prolonged supply shortage could trigger inflationary pressures.

• steady supply · sürekli arz The factory maintains a steady supply of raw materials.
• supply chain · tedarik zinciri Global disruptions have affected the supply chain.
• a supply of sth There is a limited supply of fresh water in the region.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tedarik

the act of providing something that is needed or wanted

The university's research department secured a supply of high-quality data for the study.

• Local farms increased the supply of organic produce to meet consumer demand.
• The military base requires a constant supply of fuel to maintain operations.
• International aid organizations coordinated the supply of clean water to remote villages after the flood.
• Strategic planning involves forecasting future supply needs and adjusting procurement accordingly.

• supply of resources · kaynakların tedariki Effective supply of resources is essential for project success.
• supply logistics · tedarik lojistiği The company improved its supply logistics to reduce delivery times.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

talep, istek

a request or requirement for something to be provided or done

Consumers showed a strong demand for the new smartphone model.

• The government faced public demand for better healthcare services.
• Investors are cautious when demand for a stock suddenly spikes.
• Researchers analyzed the demand for sustainable materials in the construction industry.

• high demand · yüksek talep There is a high demand for renewable energy sources.
• meet the demand · talebi karşılamak The factory increased production to meet the demand.
• on demand Movies are available on demand.
• demand for sth There is a growing demand for skilled programmers.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1mükemmel, harika

extremely good or impressive; of high quality

The concert was great and the audience cheered loudly.

• Your cooking skills are great; the dinner was delicious.
• The novel received great reviews from critics across the globe.

• great job · harika iş You did a great job organizing the event.
• great success · büyük başarı The product launch was a great success.
• feel great about sth She feels great about her exam results.
• look great in sth He looks great in the new suit.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2büyük

of considerable size, extent, or magnitude

A great crowd gathered in the square.

• A great number of students attended the lecture on climate change.
• Scientists discovered a great variety of microorganisms in the deep sea trench.
• The university's great reputation attracts scholars from around the world.

• great size · büyük boyut The museum has a great size that impresses visitors.
• great distance · büyük mesafe He ran a great distance during the marathon.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3önemli, kayda değer

significant or noteworthy in importance or effect

The discovery of penicillin was a great breakthrough in medicine.

• Her presentation made a great impression on the conference attendees.
• The study provides great insight into the causes of urban migration.
• Investing in education can have a great effect on a country's economic growth.
• The author's great contribution to literature is celebrated worldwide.

• great achievement · kayda değer başarı Winning the Nobel Prize is a great achievement for any scientist.
• great impact · büyük etki The new policy had a great impact on renewable energy adoption.
• make great strides Researchers have made great strides in gene editing technology.
• play a great role Teachers play a great role in shaping students' critical thinking.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1karşılamak, yerine getirmek

to meet a requirement, expectation, or condition

The teacher asked the students to satisfy the assignment guidelines.

• Our company must satisfy the safety standards before shipping the product.
• The university will satisfy the accreditation criteria if the new program succeeds.

• satisfy the requirements · gereksinimleri karşılamak The software must satisfy the requirements outlined in the specification.
• satisfy a demand · talebi karşılamak The new product line will satisfy the growing demand for eco-friendly goods.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2memnun etmek, tatmin etmek

to give pleasure or contentment to someone

The movie satisfied the audience with its unexpected twist.

• The charity event satisfied many volunteers who wanted to help.
• The novel's intricate plot satisfied readers looking for a challenging narrative.

• satisfy a craving · bir isteği tatmin etmek A piece of dark chocolate can satisfy a sudden craving.
• satisfy the palate · damak tadını memnun etmek The chef's sauce perfectly satisfies the palate of the diners.
• satisfy sb's needs The product satisfies customers' needs.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1ana, birincil, temel

relating to the first or most important element; chief or main.

The primary reason for the delay was a technical malfunction.

• She chose the primary color red for the painting.
• In biology, the primary function of the heart is to pump blood.
• The committee's primary concern was the safety of the participants.
• Researchers identified the primary factor influencing climate change as greenhouse gas emissions.

• primary source · birincil kaynak The historian consulted the primary source for accurate details.
• primary goal · ana hedef Improving student performance is the primary goal of the new curriculum.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2ilk, ilkokul düzeyinde

pertaining to the first stage of education, typically for children aged about six to eleven.

Children start primary school at the age of six in many countries.

• The curriculum for primary education focuses on basic literacy and numeracy.
• Parents often attend meetings to discuss their child's progress in primary school.
• Innovative teaching methods are being introduced in primary classrooms across the district.
• Research shows that early exposure to reading in primary school improves long-term academic outcomes.

• primary school · ilkokul My sister works as a teacher at a primary school.
• primary education · ilköğretim The government increased funding for primary education last year.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1temel, esas

relating to the essential or fundamental principles of something

Understanding basic grammar is essential for clear writing.

• The device operates on basic electrical principles.
• Researchers focused on the basic mechanisms behind cell division.
• Policy makers must consider basic human rights when drafting new laws.
• The course covers the basic ideas of economics for beginners.

• basic principles · temel ilkeler The theory is built on basic principles of physics.
• basic knowledge · temel bilgi Students need basic knowledge of algebra before proceeding.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2basit, sade

simple and not elaborate; lacking complexity

The recipe calls for basic ingredients like flour and sugar.

• She prefers a basic outfit rather than something flashy.
• The tutorial provides a basic overview of the software.
• Despite its basic appearance, the device performs remarkably well under stress.
• Critics argue that the policy is too basic to address the complex challenges of climate change.

• basic design · basit tasarım The app uses a basic design that is easy to navigate.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

gereklilik, şart

a thing that is needed or demanded, especially as a condition for something else to happen or be achieved

The job posting lists a requirement for two years of experience.

• Students must fulfill the language requirement before graduating.
• Safety regulations set a strict requirement for fire exits in the building.
• Despite the high requirement, she managed to secure the scholarship through hard work.

• minimum requirement · asgari şart A bachelor's degree is the minimum requirement for this position.
• meet the requirements She meets all the requirements for the job.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

elde etmek, temin etmek

to get or acquire something, especially by effort or request

I need to obtain a new passport before my trip.

• The company obtained funding from several investors.
• Students must obtain approval from their advisor to change majors.
• Researchers obtained significant findings after months of fieldwork.
• Despite numerous obstacles, the team finally obtained the necessary resources to complete the project.

• obtain a degree · bir derece elde etmek She worked hard to obtain a degree in engineering.
• obtain permission · izin temin etmek You must obtain permission before entering the restricted area.
• obtain results · sonuçları elde etmek The experiment will obtain results within two weeks.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

çok büyük, engin

of great size, extent, or quantity; extremely large or expansive.

The museum has a vast collection of ancient artifacts.

• Scientists discovered a vast ocean beneath the ice of Antarctica.
• The company's vast resources allow it to invest in many projects.
• Despite its vast size, the national park remains largely untouched by humans.
• Philosophers often contemplate the vast complexities of consciousness.

• vast area · geniş alan The Sahara Desert covers a vast area of North Africa.
• vast majority · büyük çoğunluk A vast majority of respondents supported the new policy.
• vast experience · kapsamlı deneyim She has a vast experience in renewable energy research.
• a vast amount of sth They spent a vast amount of money.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

çok büyük, muazzam

extremely large or great in size, amount, or degree.

The library contains an immense collection of rare books.

• Scientists measured the immense pressure at the ocean floor.
• The city faced an immense challenge after the flood damaged infrastructure.
• Her speech conveyed an immense sense of hope for the future.
• The novel explores the immense complexities of human relationships.

• immense amount · çok büyük miktar The project required an immense amount of funding.
• immense impact · çok büyük etki Her discovery had an immense impact on the field of genetics.
• immense size · çok büyük boyut The whale is known for its immense size.
• be of immense importance This research is of immense importance to climate science.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

atık su, kanalizasyon suyu

waste water and excrement conveyed in underground pipes

The town's sewage is collected in large underground tanks.

• Heavy rain caused the sewage to overflow into the streets.
• Researchers are developing bacteria that can break down sewage more efficiently.
• Urban planners must consider the capacity of the sewage network when designing new districts.
• The recent study highlighted how untreated sewage contributes to eutrophication in coastal ecosystems.

• sewage treatment · atık su arıtma The city built a new sewage treatment plant to improve water quality.
• sewage system · kanalizasyon sistemi Old neighborhoods often suffer from outdated sewage systems.
• sewage pipe · atık su borusu A cracked sewage pipe caused a foul smell in the basement.
• treat sewage Engineers are working to treat sewage before it reaches the river.
• discharge sewage Factories must obtain permits before they can discharge sewage into waterways.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

araç, yol, yöntem

a method or way of doing something

The bicycle is a cheap means of transport.

• We need to find a means of solving this problem.

taşımak, götürmek

to move something from one place to another by holding or supporting it

She carries her laptop in a small backpack.

• The courier carried the package across the city.
• He carried the heavy boxes up the stairs without help.
• During the hike, they carried enough water for the whole group.
• The new hard drive can carry up to 2 terabytes of data.
• This model of car carries five passengers comfortably.

• carry a bag · çanta taşımak She always carries a bag to work.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

deney, sınama

a controlled procedure carried out to discover or verify something

The chemistry class performed a simple experiment with vinegar and baking soda.

• He set up an experiment to measure the effect of sleep on memory.
• The lab's experiment required precise temperature control and calibrated instruments.
• After months of data collection, the experiment revealed unexpected patterns in the climate model.
• Critics argued that the experiment's methodology was flawed, compromising the validity of its conclusions.

• conduct an experiment · deney yürütmek The researchers will conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis.
• do an experiment · deney yapmak The students did an experiment in the chemistry lab.
• experimental results · deney sonuçları The experimental results were published in a peer-reviewed journal.
• carry out an experiment She plans to carry out an experiment on plant growth under different lights.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

nem

the amount of water vapor present in the air

The humidity today makes it feel hotter than the temperature suggests.

• Plants need proper humidity to grow well in a greenhouse.
• Scientists measure humidity to predict weather changes accurately.
• High indoor humidity can lead to mold growth if ventilation is poor.
• The aircraft's instruments recorded a sudden spike in humidity during the storm.

• high humidity · yüksek nem The tropical climate is known for its high humidity.
• low humidity · düşük nem Desert regions often experience low humidity.
• relative humidity · bağıl nem The weather report mentioned a relative humidity of 70%.
• high humidity High humidity makes the heat worse.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

paylaşmak

to give a portion of something to others or to have something in common with someone

She will share the notes with the class tomorrow.

• The app allows users to share photos instantly.
• They decided to share the costs of the trip equally.
• Researchers share data to improve the reliability of scientific findings.
• International organizations share best practices to combat climate change.

• share information · bilgi paylaşmak The manager asked the team to share information about the project.
• share a meal · bir öğün paylaşmak We decided to share a meal after the conference.
• share sth with sb She will share the report with her supervisor tomorrow.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sır, giz

something kept hidden or unknown, especially from the public or from other people

She whispered a secret to her best friend during class.

• The diary was full of personal secrets that no one else read.
• He struggled to keep the secret hidden from his curious siblings.
• The novel's plot revolves around a secret that could change history.

• keep a secret · gizli bir şeyi saklamak
• reveal a secret He finally decided to reveal the secret to his friends.
• share a secret with sb They shared the secret with each other during lunch.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kalmak, devam etmek

to stay in the same place, condition, or state without changing

The old house remained empty for years after the family moved out.

• Even after the argument, he remained friendly with his colleague.
• The temperature is expected to remain stable throughout the week.
• Scientists hope that the endangered species will remain protected under the new law.
• Despite the controversy, the core values of the organization remain firmly rooted in transparency.

• remain silent · sessiz kalmak The witness chose to remain silent during the interrogation.
• remain unchanged · değişmeden kalmak Despite the new policy, the core principles remain unchanged.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sağlıklı

in a good physical condition; free from illness or injury

She feels healthy after a week of rest.

• A balanced breakfast can keep you healthy during a busy day.
• Doctors recommend regular exercise to stay healthy and reduce stress.
• The community garden project promotes healthy eating habits among residents.
• Despite the demanding schedule, he manages to stay healthy by prioritizing sleep and nutrition.
• The study shows that walking daily is a healthy habit.
• Researchers are looking for healthy alternatives to sugary drinks.
• A healthy workplace includes ergonomic furniture and regular breaks.
• Policy makers should prioritize creating healthy urban spaces for residents.
• The longitudinal analysis revealed that a healthy diet correlates with lower incidence of chronic diseases.

• healthy lifestyle · sağlıklı yaşam tarzı She follows a healthy lifestyle by exercising regularly and eating balanced meals.
• healthy diet · sağlıklı diyet A healthy diet includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• healthy environment · sağlıklı ortam A healthy environment reduces the risk of respiratory diseases.
• healthy habits · sağlıklı alışkanlıklar Developing healthy habits early can improve lifelong well-being.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey