Speakout A0–A1

otobüs

a large motor vehicle designed to carry passengers along a fixed route

I catch the bus every morning at seven.

• The bus was crowded, but it arrived on time.
• She missed the last bus and had to walk home.
• Despite the traffic jam, the electric bus maintained its schedule efficiently.
• Urban planners are advocating for dedicated bus lanes to reduce emissions and improve commuter reliability.

• bus stop · otobüs durağı She waited at the bus stop for ten minutes.
• bus route · otobüs güzergâhı The city added a new bus route downtown.
• take the bus He decided to take the bus to work.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kahve

a hot beverage made by brewing ground coffee beans with water

I drink coffee every morning before class.

• The café serves fresh coffee made from Arabica beans.
• During the conference, participants enjoyed a coffee break together.
• He ordered a large latte and a slice of cake at the coffee shop.
• Researchers examined the effects of caffeine in coffee on cognitive performance.

• cup of coffee · bir fincan kahve She poured a cup of coffee before the meeting.
• coffee break · kahve molası The workers gathered for a short coffee break.
• black coffee · sade kahve He prefers black coffee without any sugar.
• drink coffee I usually drink coffee in the morning.
• make coffee She knows how to make coffee with a French press.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

park, yeşil alan, dinlenme yeri

a public area of land set aside for recreation and enjoyment

The small park near my house has a playground for children.

• Families often gather in the park to enjoy the weekend sunshine.
• Birdwatchers visit the park early in the morning to spot rare species.
• Urban planners are designing new green corridors that connect several parks across the city.
• Conservationists argue that expanding the national park boundaries is essential for preserving biodiversity.

• city park · şehir parkı The children played happily in the city park.
• national park · ulusal park We spent a weekend hiking in the national park.
• public park · kamu parkı The city council renovated the public park last year.
• in the park She likes to read books in the park on sunny afternoons.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

fotoğraf

a picture that is created by recording light on a light-sensitive surface using a camera

She snapped a photo of the blooming roses in the garden.

• The tourists asked the guide to take a photo of the monument.
• He posted a photo of his new laptop on social media.
• During the conference, the speaker displayed a photo illustrating the data trend.
• The museum's exhibition featured a rare 19th-century photo that attracted many scholars.

• take a photo · fotoğraf çekmek She took a photo of the sunset from the balcony.
• photo album · fotoğraf albümü He kept all his travel memories in a photo album.
• photo shoot · fotoğraf çekimi The model arrived early for the photo shoot.
• take a photo of sth They took a photo of the historic building during their tour.
• show sb a photo Can you show me a photo of your family?

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

pizza

a dish consisting of a usually round, flattened base of leavened wheat dough topped with tomatoes, cheese, and various other ingredients, baked in an oven

I ate pizza for lunch.

• My friends and I often order pizza on Fridays.
• The restaurant offers a gluten-free pizza with vegetables.
• Despite the health concerns, many students still choose pizza as a quick meal option.
• Culinary scholars analyze how regional variations influence the traditional pizza dough preparation.

• order pizza · pizza sipariş etmek We decided to order pizza for dinner.
• pizza topping · pizza üst malzemesi Pepperoni is a popular pizza topping.
• order a pizza They will have pizza after the meeting.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

restoran, lokanta

a place where meals are prepared and served to customers

The new restaurant on Main Street offers affordable meals for students.

• He works part-time as a waiter in a popular restaurant downtown.
• The restaurant's menu features seasonal ingredients sourced locally.
• Critics praised the restaurant for its innovative fusion cuisine and attentive service.
• Despite the economic downturn, the restaurant managed to expand its operations internationally.

• fine dining restaurant · lüks yemek servisi yapan lokanta The couple celebrated their anniversary at a fine dining restaurant.
• fast-food restaurant · hızlı servis yapan lokanta Students often grab lunch at a nearby fast-food restaurant.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1banka, finans kurumu

a financial institution that accepts deposits and provides loans and other financial services

I need to visit the bank to withdraw cash.

• The bank offers low-interest mortgages for first-time buyers.
• Many people trust banks to keep their savings safe.
• After the merger, the bank expanded its services across the region.
• Regulators are scrutinizing the bank's risk management practices.

• open a bank account · banka hesabı açmak She decided to open a bank account to save her earnings.
• bank loan · banka kredisi The company secured a bank loan to expand its operations.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kıyı, nehir kıyısı, kenar

the land alongside a river or stream

We set up a tent on the bank of the river.

• Erosion has caused the bank to collapse in several places.
• The fisherman cast his line from the bank at dawn.
• Scientists studied soil samples taken from the river bank to assess pollution.
• Historical maps show that the town once extended further onto the bank.

• river bank · nehir kıyısı Children were playing on the river bank during the picnic.
• steep bank · dik kıyı The hikers struggled to climb the steep bank of the canyon.
• on the bank of sth A small cabin sits on the bank of the lake.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

fotoğraf makinesi, kamera

a device used to capture still photographs or moving images

I packed my camera for the weekend hike in the mountains.

• The museum displayed an old camera from the 1920s.
• She adjusted the focus on her camera before snapping the portrait.
• During the interview, the journalist positioned the camera to capture both speakers clearly.
• Advancements in sensor technology have dramatically improved the low-light performance of modern cameras.

• digital camera · dijital fotoğraf makinesi She bought a new digital camera for her travel blog.
• camera lens · kamera merceği A wide-angle camera lens is ideal for landscape photography.
• camera angle · kamera açısı The director chose a low camera angle to make the hero appear powerful.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1bilgisayar

an electronic device that processes, stores, and retrieves data according to programmed instructions

The computer displays the results on the screen.

• She turned on the computer and opened her email.
• Many researchers rely on powerful computers for data analysis.
• The computer crashed during the presentation, causing a delay.
• Advancements in computer technology have transformed modern communication.

• personal computer · kişisel bilgisayar She bought a new personal computer for her studies.
• computer system · bilgisayar sistemi The university upgraded its computer system last summer.
• use a computer Students are required to use a computer for the assignment.
• run a program on a computer He ran the simulation on a high-performance computer.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2hesaplamacı (hesap yapan kişi)

a person who performs calculations, especially one employed to do mathematical work

In the 1940s, many women were hired as computers to solve ballistic tables.

• The project required a computer to verify the astronomical data.
• She was a computer for the engineering team, checking all the measurements.
• Before digital devices, computers manually calculated flight trajectories.
• Historical records show that computers played a crucial role in early space missions.

• human computer · insan hesaplayıcı Before electronic computers, human computers performed complex calculations.
• computer for the navy · deniz kuvvetleri için hesaplayıcı She worked as a computer for the navy during World War II.
• work as a computer He worked as a computer for the research institute in the 1950s.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

menü, yemek listesi

a list of the food that you can order in a restaurant

Can we see the menu, please?

• There are three vegetarian dishes on the menu.

otel, konaklama yeri

a commercial establishment that provides lodging, meals, and other services for travelers and tourists

I need to find a hotel for my business trip next week.

• The hotel offered free breakfast to all guests.
• During the storm, the hotel provided emergency shelter for locals.
• She compared several hotels before choosing one with a pool and gym.
• The conference organizers arranged a discounted rate at a nearby hotel for all attendees.

• book a hotel · otel rezervasyonu yapmak She booked a hotel for her weekend trip to the coast.
• hotel room · otel odası The hotel room had a great view of the city skyline.
• luxury hotel · lüks otel They stayed at a luxury hotel during their honeymoon.
• stay at a hotel We decided to stay at a hotel near the conference center.
• check into a hotel After the flight, they checked into a hotel around midnight.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

pasaport

an official document issued by a government that certifies the holder's identity and citizenship and allows international travel

She received her passport after a short waiting period.

• The airline asked to see his passport before boarding the flight.
• Many countries require a visa in addition to a passport for entry.
• Because his passport was expired, he could not attend the international conference.
• The diplomatic negotiations highlighted the importance of secure passport verification systems in preventing fraud.

• apply for a passport · pasaport başvurusu yapmak She had to apply for a passport before her study abroad program.
• renew a passport · pasaportu yenilemek
• check passport · pasaportu kontrol etmek Airport security will check your passport at the gate.
• obtain a passport You need to obtain a passport before you can travel overseas.
• carry a passport Always remember to carry a passport when you travel abroad.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

telefon

a device that converts sound into electrical signals for transmitting and receiving speech over distances

I bought a new phone yesterday.

• She kept her phone on silent during the lecture.
• The phone battery died after a long day of use.
• He whispered into the phone so no one else could hear the conversation.
• Despite the poor signal, the phone managed to transmit the emergency message clearly.

• make a phone call · telefonla arama yapmak She needs to make a phone call to confirm the reservation.
• answer the phone · telefonu cevaplamak He answered the phone quickly when it rang.
• phone number Please write down my phone number before you leave.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

büyük market, süpermarket

a large self-service store that sells a wide variety of food and household goods

I bought milk and bread at the supermarket yesterday.

• The supermarket offers discounts on seasonal fruits.
• She works part-time as a cashier in a busy supermarket.
• During the holiday rush, the supermarket was crowded with shoppers.
• Researchers analyzed consumer behavior by tracking purchases made at supermarkets across the city.

• supermarket aisle · süpermarket koridoru She found the cereal in the supermarket aisle.
• supermarket chain · süpermarket zinciri The supermarket chain opened a new store downtown.
• shop at the supermarket We usually shop at the supermarket on Saturdays.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

taksi

a motor vehicle for hire that carries passengers between locations

I need a taxi to get home after the concert.

• The hotel offers a free taxi service for its guests.
• Because the train was delayed, we caught a taxi to the conference center.
• Urban planners study taxi usage patterns to improve traffic flow in major cities.
• Researchers analyzing commuter behavior found that taxi availability significantly influences residential location choices.

• hail a taxi · taksiye işaret etmek, durdurmak She had to hail a taxi in the rain.
• take a taxi · taksiye binmek We decided to take a taxi to the airport.
• taxi fare · taksi ücreti The taxi fare was higher than expected.
• taxi driver · taksi şoförü The taxi driver knew a shortcut through the city.
• call a taxi He called a taxi after the meeting ended.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

üniversite

an institution of higher education and research that grants academic degrees

She started university last September and lives in a dormitory.

• The university offers scholarships for outstanding high-school graduates.
• Researchers at the university published a groundbreaking paper on climate change.
• International collaborations have become a hallmark of modern university education.
• The university's interdisciplinary approach fosters innovative solutions to complex societal challenges.

• university campus · üniversite kampüsü The university campus includes libraries, laboratories, and sports facilities.
• university degree · üniversite diploması She earned a university degree in mechanical engineering.
• university research · üniversite araştırması University research on renewable energy has attracted international funding.
• attend university Many students attend university to pursue specialized knowledge.
• apply to university He plans to apply to university next spring.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1bilmek, farkında olmak

to be aware of facts, information, or a situation

I know the schedule for tomorrow's classes.

• Do you know where the library is located?
• She knows the rules of the game very well.
• They know how to analyze large data sets efficiently.
• Researchers know that climate change impacts biodiversity.

• know the facts · gerçekleri bilmek She knows the facts about the case.
• know the answer · cevabı bilmek Do you know the answer to this question?
• know about sth He knows a lot about renewable energy.
• know how to do sth She knows how to solve complex equations.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tanımak, aşina olmak

to be familiar with a person, place, or thing through experience or acquaintance

I know my neighbor from the building next door.

• Do you know the professor who teaches modern literature?
• She knows the museum's layout, so we can find the exhibit quickly.
• We know the local customs, which helps us conduct field research smoothly.
• The team knows the challenges of implementing AI in healthcare.

• know the city · şehri tanımak Since I moved here, I now know the city inside out.
• know sb well I know her well; we have worked together for years.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

anlamak, kavramak

to grasp the meaning, significance, or nature of something

She understands the instructions and starts the experiment.

• Many students struggle to understand abstract theories in philosophy.
• After the lecture, I finally understood how the algorithm works.
• The researcher must understand the cultural context before interpreting the data.
• Even seasoned scholars sometimes fail to understand the nuances of complex statistical models.

• understand the problem · problemi anlamak She quickly understood the problem and offered a solution.
• understand fully · tamamen anlamak You need to understand fully before making a decision.
• understand that … I understand that the deadline has been moved up.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1tekrarlamak, tekrar olmak

to do or say something again, often because it was not understood or heard the first time

Please repeat the question so everyone can hear it.

• The child repeated the song after hearing it on the radio.
• During the meeting, she repeated her main point for emphasis.
• The laboratory will repeat the test to ensure accuracy.
• After the error, the presenter repeated the entire slide deck.
• The error repeated after the software update.
• History tends to repeat itself when lessons are ignored.
• The same warning repeated in several news reports.

• repeat a request · isteği tekrarlamak She had to repeat a request for clarification.
• repeat the experiment · deneyi tekrarlamak Scientists repeat the experiment to verify the results.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2dersi tekrarlamak, sınıf tekrarı yapmak

to take a course again, usually because the previous attempt was unsuccessful or the grade was insufficient

After failing the exam, she chose to repeat the class.

• The university allows students to repeat a course once.
• He repeated the semester to improve his GPA.
• Repeating a course can delay graduation but improve knowledge.
• Academic advisors often recommend repeating a class when foundational concepts are weak.

• repeat a course · dersi tekrarlamak She had to repeat a course to meet the prerequisite.
• repeat the semester · semestri tekrarlamak Due to low grades, he decided to repeat the semester.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

cevap, yanıt

a spoken or written reply to a question, request, or problem

The teacher asked a question and waited for an answer.

• After the exam, she wrote down her answer on the sheet.
• His answer surprised everyone because it was so detailed.
• The scientist's answer to the research problem involved a new methodology.
• Despite the complexity of the case, the lawyer provided a concise answer that satisfied the jury.

• give an answer · cevap vermek She gave an answer after thinking for a moment.
• quick answer · hızlı cevap His quick answer impressed the interviewers.
• the answer to sth The committee's answer to the proposal was positive.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sormak, istemek

to request information or an action from someone

Can you ask the teacher for the homework details?

• He asked his colleague to review the draft before submission.
• During the meeting, she asked several insightful questions about the data.
• The researcher asked participants to complete the questionnaire anonymously.
• In the negotiation, the diplomat asked the opposing side to consider a compromise that would benefit both parties.

• ask a question · soru sormak She raised her hand to ask a question during the lecture.
• ask for help · yardım istemek He didn't hesitate to ask for help when the project became difficult.
• ask sb for sth She asked the professor for clarification on the assignment.
• ask sb to do sth I asked my friend to pick up the package from the post office.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1kontrol etmek, denetlemek

to examine something in order to verify its accuracy, condition, or quality

The teacher asked us to check our answers before handing in the test.

• Before leaving, please check that the door is locked.
• Scientists check the data for inconsistencies during the analysis.
• The manager will check the inventory levels to decide on the next order.
• During the audit, the accountant checked every transaction for compliance with regulations.

• check the results · sonuçları kontrol etmek She will check the results before submitting the report.
• check for errors · hataları kontrol etmek The editor checks the manuscript for errors.
• check on sb Can you check on the patients in room 3?

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2durdurmak, engellemek

to stop or restrain something from continuing or progressing

The city installed barriers to check the flow of traffic during rush hour.

• Police officers were deployed to check the riots in the downtown area.
• The company introduced new policies to check the loss of confidential data.
• Scientists are researching ways to check the spread of invasive species in ecosystems.
• International sanctions aim to check the proliferation of nuclear weapons in volatile regions.

• check the spread · yayılımı durdurmak Authorities are trying to check the spread of the disease.
• check the escalation · tırmanışı engellemek Diplomats worked to check the escalation of tensions.
• check sth from doing sth The program checks errors from occurring.
• check sth in sth The new law checks violence in schools.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1seçmek

to select from a number of possibilities

You can choose any book from the shelf.

• The committee will choose a new chair next month.
• After tasting both dishes, I chose the pasta because it was richer.
• Researchers chose a mixed-methods approach to capture both quantitative and qualitative data.
• In the final round, the judges chose the contestant who demonstrated the most innovative solution.

• choose a career · meslek seçmek She decided to choose a career in medicine after graduation.
• choose between · arasında seçim yapmak You must choose between staying home or going out tonight.
• choose to do sth He chose to study abroad for a year.
• choose sth over sth She chose tea over coffee at the café.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2tercih etmek

to prefer one thing over another

I always choose chocolate ice cream over vanilla.

• When given a discount, customers often choose the larger package.
• The artist chose bright colors rather than muted tones for the mural.
• Faced with limited resources, the project team chose sustainability over speed.
• In negotiations, each side chooses its priorities carefully to achieve the best outcome.

• choose to stay · kalmayı tercih etmek She chose to stay at home instead of attending the party.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1dinlemek

to give one's attention to sound or to hear something attentively

The child sits quietly and listens to the story.

• During the meeting, everyone was asked to listen to the presenter.
• She listened to the rain hitting the window and felt relaxed.
• Researchers listened to the recorded interviews to analyze language patterns.
• Even after the debate, many listeners continued to listen for subtle arguments in the background.

• listen carefully · dikkatlice dinlemek Please listen carefully to the instructions before starting the experiment.
• listen to music · müziği dinlemek She likes to listen to music while studying.
• listen to sth He listened to the professor's lecture for the entire hour.
• listen for sth The guard listened for any unusual sounds during the night shift.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2söz dinlemek, kulak vermek, uymak

to pay attention to advice or a warning and follow it

He didn't listen to the warning signs and entered the restricted area.

• Students are expected to listen to the teacher's instructions carefully.
• If you listen to the feedback, you can improve your writing skills.
• The manager asked the team to listen to the client's requirements before proposing a solution.
• Even after many mistakes, she chose to listen to constructive criticism and grow professionally.

• listen to advice · tavsiyeyi dinlemek, uymak
• listen to orders · emirlere uymak Soldiers must listen to orders without hesitation.
• listen to sth Parents often tell their children to listen to good advice.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1bakmak

to direct one's eyes toward someone or something in order to see them

She looked at the clock and realized she was late.

• The tourists looked around the market, taking photos of the stalls.
• He looked at his phone, waiting for the email to arrive.
• When the teacher entered, the students looked up and fell silent.
• Scientists looked at the data for weeks before drawing any conclusions.

• look at · bakmak (bir şeye) She looked at the painting for several minutes.
• look around · etrafına bakmak He looked around the room, trying to find his keys.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2görünmek

to seem or appear in a particular way to an observer

The old house looks abandoned after years of neglect.

• The soup looks delicious, so I will try it.
• His face looked pale when the news was announced.
• The proposal looks promising, but it needs more data.

• look like · gibi görünmek She looks like she has been working all night.
• look tired · yorgun görünmek After the marathon, he looked tired but happy.
• look like sth/sb You look like a professional photographer.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3(for ile) aramak, bir şey bulmaya çalışmak

to search for someone or something by directing one's sight or attention

I looked for my glasses everywhere in the house.

• The detective looked for clues at the crime scene.
• She looked for a quiet place to study in the library.
• We looked for a restaurant that serves vegan options.
• Researchers looked for patterns in the climate data over decades.

• look for · aramak I am looking for my notebook on the desk.
• look for sth She looked for a solution to the problem.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1maç, karşılaşma, müsabaka

an organized competition in which individuals or teams compete against each other

The tennis match lasted three hours and ended in a tie.

• Fans cheered loudly during the basketball match at the arena.
• He was nervous before his first chess match in the club tournament.
• The referee announced the start of the rugby match with a whistle blow.
• Despite the rain, the cricket match continued until sunset, showcasing great perseverance.

• football match · futbol müsabakası The football match will start at 7 p.m.
• final match · final maç She won the final match of the tournament.
• play a match The two teams will play a match tomorrow afternoon.
• hold a match The school is going to hold a match for the regional championship.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2eş, uyum, çift

two or more items that correspond closely in size, shape, or function

The socks and shoes were a good match for the outfit.

• He found a match for the missing puzzle piece under the table.
• Her personality is a perfect match for the collaborative culture of the research team.

• perfect match · kusursuz uyum They are a perfect match for each other.
• be a good match for This laptop is a good match for graphic designers.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

3kibrit, kibrit çubuğu

a small wooden stick coated with a combustible material used to start a fire

He pulled a match from the box and lit the stove.

• The wind was strong, but the match still ignited the fire.
• During the power outage, a match was the only source of light.
• She carefully placed the match under the tinder to start the campfire.
• The scientist demonstrated how a single match can trigger a chain reaction in a controlled experiment.

• light a match · kibrit yakmak
• strike a match · kibrit çakmak She struck a match and the fire started instantly.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1okumak, metni anlamak

to look at and comprehend the meaning of written or printed material

I read a short story for my English homework yesterday.

• She reads the news online every day to stay informed.
• The child can read simple sentences without help now.
• During the trip, we read the travel guide to learn about local attractions.
• Researchers read the statistical report to identify trends in climate change.

• read a book · kitap okumak She likes to read a book before going to sleep.
• read the newspaper · gazete okumak He reads the newspaper every morning with his coffee.
• read aloud The teacher asked the student to read aloud the paragraph on page 12.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2yorumlamak, anlam çıkarmak

to interpret or understand the meaning of something that is not written, such as data, signs, or a situation

She read the facial expression and realized he was nervous.

• Economists read the inflation figures to adjust policy recommendations.
• After the experiment, the team read the results to see if the hypothesis held.
• Critics read the film's symbolism to discuss its deeper social commentary.

• read the data · verileri yorumlamak Scientists read the data to determine the experiment's outcome.
• read between the lines · satır aralarını okumak, gizli anlamı anlamak When she said she was fine, I could read between the lines and sense her disappointment.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1yazmak

to produce words, letters, or symbols on a surface or in a digital medium

She writes in her journal every night before sleep.

• The teacher asked us to write a short story for homework.
• Scientists write research papers to share their findings.
• He writes poetry that reflects his inner thoughts and emotions.
• The novelist wrote a bestseller that was translated into many languages.

• write a letter · mektup yazmak She wrote a heartfelt letter to her friend.
• write an essay · kompozisyon yazmak Students must write an essay on climate change.
• write about sth He wrote about his experiences traveling abroad.
• write to sb Please write to the editor with your comments.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2kayda geçirmek, kaydetmek

to enter information into a written or electronic record

The program writes the results to a file.

• During the interview, the researcher writes down the participant's responses.
• The accountant writes a detailed report on the company's financial status.
• In the field study, students write down observations of animal behavior.
• The project manager wrote a comprehensive summary to document the project's progress.

• write down the data · verileri kayda geçirmek Please write down the data from the experiment carefully.
• write a report · rapor yazmak The analyst will write a report on the quarterly earnings.
• write sth down She wrote down the instructions before starting the project.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

söylemek, ifade etmek

to utter words so that they are heard; to express something in spoken form

She said hello to the new neighbor.

• The teacher said that the exam would be next Monday.
• He said nothing about the incident, staying silent.
• After the presentation, the audience said they were impressed.
• Scientists say that climate change will intensify if emissions continue.

• say a word · bir kelime söylemek He didn't even say a word during the meeting.
• say it again · tekrar söylemek Could you say it again, please?
• say that … She said that she would arrive early.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1iş, görev

tasks or duties that a person is expected or required to perform, especially as part of a job or occupation.

She finished her work early and left the office.

• The manager assigned new work to the interns.
• After school, I have a lot of work to complete for my classes.
• The research work presented at the conference was groundbreaking.
• Despite the challenges, the collaborative work improved the final report.

2çalışma

the process of applying effort and skill to achieve a result, especially in academic or scientific contexts.

The lab work required careful measurement of chemicals.

• His graduate work was published in a top journal.
• Field work in archaeology often involves long hours outdoors.
• The committee reviewed the submitted work before granting funding.
• Innovative work in artificial intelligence is reshaping many industries.

• research work · araştırma çalışması Her research work focuses on renewable energy.
• field work · saha çalışması The geologists conducted field work in the mountains.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1Çinli

a person who is a native or citizen of China

The Chinese arrived early for the meeting.

• Many Chinese travel abroad for higher education.

2Çince

the Sino-Tibetan language spoken primarily in China and by Chinese communities worldwide

Chinese is spoken by over a billion people worldwide.

• She can read basic Chinese after a semester of study.
• Researchers analyzed the evolution of Chinese grammar in ancient texts.
• Advanced learners of Chinese often practice with native speakers to improve fluency.

• learn Chinese They decided to learn Chinese before moving to Beijing.
• speak Chinese Do you speak Chinese fluently?

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

1Almanca

the West Germanic language spoken primarily in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and other parts of Europe

German is taught in many high schools across the United States.

• She translated the article from German into English for the journal.

• German grammar · Almanca dilbilgisi Understanding German grammar is essential for passing the exam.
• learn German Many students decide to learn German because of its scientific literature.
• speak German He can speak German fluently after living in Berlin for two years.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

2Alman (kişi)

a person who is a native or citizen of Germany

A German arrived at the airport early this morning.

• The German spoke fluently during the interview with the journalist.
• Many Germans travel to neighboring countries for weekend trips.

İsviçreli

a person who is a native or citizen of Switzerland

The Swiss attended the conference on renewable energy.

• Many Swiss travel abroad for work each year.

doktor, hekim

a qualified practitioner of medicine who diagnoses and treats illnesses and injuries

The doctor examined the patient and prescribed antibiotics.

• After the accident, the doctor rushed to the emergency room.
• Many people trust their doctor for advice on healthy living.
• The university offers a program that prepares students to become doctors.
• In rural areas, doctors often serve as the only source of medical care.

• medical doctor · tıp doktoru She consulted a medical doctor about her persistent cough.
• doctor's appointment · doktor randevusu I have a doctor's appointment at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
• family doctor · aile hekimi My family doctor has been caring for us for over a decade.
• see a doctor You should see a doctor if the fever lasts more than three days.
• become a doctor She worked hard to become a doctor after years of study.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

öğretmen

a person who teaches, especially in a school or college

The teacher greets the class every morning with a smile.

• Our teacher explained the grammar rule clearly during the lesson.
• A teacher must adapt his methods to different learning styles.
• During the conference, the teacher presented research on inclusive education.
• Even experienced teachers continue to refine their pedagogical approaches.

• high school teacher · lise öğretmeni She works as a high school teacher in Istanbul.
• teacher training · öğretmen eğitimi Teacher training programs are essential for improving education quality.
• teacher's desk · öğretmenin masası The teacher's desk was covered with worksheets.
• teacher shortage · öğretmen eksikliği The country faces a severe teacher shortage in rural areas.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

garson

a person who serves food and drinks to customers in a restaurant

The waiter brought us water as soon as we sat down.

• Our waiter recommended the chef's special for the night.
• Because the waiter was attentive, we finished our meal quickly.
• The restaurant manager praised the waiter for handling the large party efficiently.
• Despite the noisy environment, the waiter maintained professionalism and ensured every guest's needs were met.

• waiter service · garson hizmeti The waiter service was prompt and courteous.
• friendly waiter · güler yüzlü garson We were impressed by the friendly waiter who helped us choose dishes.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

kadın garson

a female server who takes orders and serves food and drinks in a restaurant

The new waitress greeted us with a friendly smile.

• Our waitress brought the menu and offered water.
• Because the restaurant was busy, the waitress had to run quickly between tables.
• The experienced waitress handled the large party's orders without any mistakes.
• After completing her degree, she pursued a career as a professional waitress in a five-star hotel.

• waitress uniform · garson üniforması The restaurant requires every waitress uniform to be clean and tidy.
• waitress tip · garsona verilen bahşiş She left a generous waitress tip after the excellent service.
• waitress station · garson istasyonu The waitress station was stocked with napkins, menus, and pens.
• work as a waitress She decided to work as a waitress during the summer break.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

sürücü

a person who operates a vehicle, especially a car or truck

The driver stopped at the red light and waited patiently.

• Our school hired a new driver to take students to field trips.
• During the storm, the driver slowed down to maintain control of the vehicle.
• The driver's quick reaction prevented a serious accident on the highway.
• In the research study, the driver's behavior was analyzed for signs of fatigue.

• professional driver · profesyonel sürücü The company hired a professional driver to transport hazardous materials.
• designated driver · belirlenmiş sürücü At the party, John volunteered to be the designated driver.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

şarkıcı

a person who sings, especially one who performs professionally or as a hobby

The young singer performed at the local café last night.

• Many singers practice daily to improve their vocal range.
• She dreamed of becoming a famous singer since childhood.
• The festival featured several singers from different countries, showcasing diverse musical styles.
• Critics praised the singer's nuanced interpretation of the classic ballad, highlighting her technical mastery and emotional depth.

• professional singer · profesyonel şarkıcı She became a professional singer after years of training.
• lead singer · baş şarkıcı The lead singer of the band announced his solo album.
• opera singer · opera şarkıcısı The opera singer received a standing ovation.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey

futbol

a team sport played with a spherical ball on a rectangular field, where two teams try to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal

The children gathered in the park to play football after class.

• He bought a new pair of boots for the upcoming football season.
• Local newspapers reported that the football league will start next month.
• During the tournament, the football team demonstrated excellent teamwork and strategy.
• Scholars have examined how football influences community identity and social cohesion in urban areas.

• play football · futbol oynamak They play football every Saturday afternoon.
• football match · futbol maçı The football match attracted thousands of fans.
• football team · futbol takımı Her football team won the regional championship.

sb: birisi · sth: bir şey